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[学术文献 ] Heavy metal contamination and its impact on the food chain: exposure, bioaccumulation, and risk assessment 进入全文
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
Non-essential heavy metals (HMs) are one of the most toxic substances released into the environment, affecting the food chain and posing a threat to food security. The research data was collated after carefully observing some of the studies conducted on commonly consumed food products and highlighting heavy metal exposure pathways to crops and techniques adapted to the quantification of HMs in the food chain. The tools developed to estimate the ecological and health risks induced via ingestion of HM-contaminated food products in both children and adults in India are discussed. It is observed that Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn are the most commonly studied heavy metals in food products. Bioaccumulation indices in Indian crops revealed varying heavy metal intake. Children suffer more from consuming food contaminated with HMs than adults. This review summarizes the distribution of HMs, their pollution, and the correlation between each HM concentration.
[学术文献 ] 我国粮食安全战略演变与保障体系构建 进入全文
中国知网
粮食安全是关乎国运民生、定国安邦的头等大事和永恒课题。我国粮食安全战略演变是基于“不变”的自主可控的战略思想和“变”的粮食供求形势。当前我国国家粮食安全面临资源环境刚性约束、财政支粮工作落实不到位、粮食产供需结构错配以及粮食进口依存度较高等现实挑战。要通过藏粮于地、藏粮于技推动粮食增产，增加粮农收入，强化金融支农及风险监控，加强粮食流通体系建设，鼓励支持粮食企业走出去，提升我国粮商在国际市场的话语权定价权，稳步提升粮食综合生产水平，筑牢国家粮食安全防线，实现稳粮、民富、国盛。
[学术文献 ] 面向源头污染的粮食资源综合利用研究 进入全文
中国知网
本文基于粮食安全，结合我国粮食生产和供给消费情况，对面向源头污染的粮食资源综合利用进行研究。基于本研究，提出了四种可行的综合利用模式：其一，选择种植对土壤中重金属镉的吸收能力低于常规杂交水稻的品种，缓解污染区稻谷食品安全问题；其二，根据粮食最终用途调整加工方式，降低污染物含量，防止和减少粮食浪费；其三，基于“粮饲协同”建立适用于轻度污染区的“一季青储+再生稻”综合利用种植模式；最后，按现行食品安全国家标准（镉限量≤0.2mg/kg）和饲料卫生标准（镉限量≤1.0mg/kg）的要求，将不符合口粮要求、但符合饲料用量需求的，定向用于饲料转化或单独收储定向使用，建立了一套饲料专用粮基地及全链条利用机制，优化资源配置。
[学术文献 ] 中国式现代化下的粮食安全治理路径研究 进入全文
中国知网
粮食安全治理能力是衡量国家治理文明程度的重要标杆。以中国式现代化推进粮食安全治理体系和治理能力现代化是保障国家粮食安全的必然要求。中国式现代化下的粮食安全治理以公共物品的最优供给、外部性问题的内部化、宏观经济的平稳运行、多元风险的防范化解和民生福祉的全面增进为目标任务，体现了国家粮食安全治理中的制度建构能力及制度运行能力。我国粮食安全治理经历了从治理理念、治理目标、治理主体、治理工具和治理机制等层面系统性的现代化转型。面对内外部多重治理压力和挑战，需要加快粮食生产能力提升，夯实粮食安全治理的基础保障；优化粮食生产保障机制，增进粮食安全治理的全民福祉；深化农业经营体系变革，激发粮食安全治理的主体活力；促进数智技术全链应用，强化粮食安全治理的风险治理；主动参与全球粮食治理，稳定粮食安全治理的外部环境。
[学术文献 ] Impact of water availability on food security in GCC: Systematic literature review-based policy recommendations for a sustainable future 进入全文
ELSEVIER
Despite being the most food-secure region among Arab countries, the Gulf Coordination Council (GCC) region is predicted to face challenges in food security. The study aimed to develop evidence-based policy recommendations to promote sustainable water use, enhance agricultural productivity, and ensure food security in the GCC countries. Using a systematic literature review approach, we examined 64 peer-reviewed articles (2010-May 2024) focused on the impact of water availability in enhancing the GCC regions' food security. The GCC region faces severe challenges in water availability due to its hyper-arid climate, depleting non-renewable groundwater reserves, rapid urbanization, climate change impacts, and population growth, highlighting the need for efficient and sustainable water management. Innovative strategies have enabled efficient water management in the GCC region, facilitating food production (i.e., subsurface drip irrigation, variable rate irrigation, deficit irrigation strategy, desalination plants, and wastewater treatment plants). Source markets and supply chain disruptions have motivated the GCC countries to impose policy recommendations to enhance food security (i.e., controlled water discharge,crop suitability assessments, proper water management practices, shifting to drought-tolerant crops, and leveraging virtual water trade). Such implementations should be further researched based on expert scientific contribution and collaborative efforts facilitated via increased funding and resources. Political differences among GCC countries have created challenges in developing collaborative efforts in food production. Based on our systematic review, we have outlined policy recommendations to secure water availability for food production in the GCC region. We emphasize the importance of promoting research and development, addressing socio-economic barriers, and enhancing data-driven decision-making as pivotal strategies for sustainable water management and agricultural resilience.
[学术文献 ] Exploring Indigenous food sovereignty and food environments characteristics through food interventions in Canada: a scoping review. 进入全文
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
Indigenous food sovereignty (IFS) has the potential to reconnect Indigenous peoples in Canada to their food systems, reduce health problems and improve food security. Using PRISMA-ScR guidelines to search Medline, Web of Science, Embase and Cabi databases, this review sought to explore the characteristics of IFS promotion and the food environments involved through food and nutrition interventions in Indigenous communities in Canada. Data from 30 relevant studies published between 2004 and 2022 were included, analysed and synthesised using a thematic approach based on key IFS principles and a food environment typology. Most studies were conducted in urban contexts, mainly in provinces with the largest Indigenous populations. Local descriptions of IFS showed conceptual and operational similarities. Among the four key principles of IFS, the principle of participation was the most reported. Gardening, farming, hunting, fishing and gathering were the main food activities used to operationalise IFS in traditional and cultivated food environments. Several IFS facilitators and barriers were identified. The IFS movement that emerged from the literature in Canada advocates for a healthy and sustainable food system based on traditional beliefs and controlled by communities to ensure wellbeing and food security. This review provides evidence of converging visions for food autonomy despite the heterogeneity of Indigenous nations in Canada.
