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[政策法规 ] 苏州工业园区加快推动生物制造产业发展行动计划（2025-2027年） 进入全文
苏州工业园区管理委员会
近日，《苏州工业园区加快推动生物制造产业发展行动计划（2025-2027年）》正式发布，立足园区合成生物学发展基础，多向发力，推动生物制造产业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展，助力建设开放创新的世界一流高科技园区。根据行动计划，园区将重点聚焦生物医药、食品、生物基材料、生物制造设备等方向，在研发创新突破、平台体系建设、创新成果孵化、企业做大做强、开放协同发展等五个方面给予具体支持，并在资金、人才、载体等方面提供强力保障，力争到2027年，生物制造源头创新能力不断增强、产业规模效应持续显现、产业发展生态日益完善，基本形成具有一定影响力的生物制造产业高地。
[学术文献 ] CRISPR–Cas applications in agriculture and plant research 进入全文
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
Growing world population and deteriorating climate conditions necessitate the development of new crops with high yields and resilience. CRISPR–Cas-mediated genome engineering presents unparalleled opportunities to engineer crop varieties cheaper, easier and faster than ever. In this Review, we discuss how the CRISPR–Cas toolbox has rapidly expanded from Cas9 and Cas12 to include different Cas orthologues and engineered variants. We present various CRISPR–Cas-based methods, including base editing and prime editing, which are used for precise genome, epigenome and transcriptome engineering, and methods used to deliver the genome editors into plants, such as bacterial-mediated and viral-mediated transformation. We then discuss how promoter editing and chromosome engineering are used in crop breeding for trait engineering and fixation, and important applications of CRISPR–Cas in crop improvement, such as de novo domestication and enhancing tolerance to abiotic stresses. We conclude with discussing future prospects of plant genome engineering.
[学术文献 ] Historical data provide new insights into inheritance of traits important for diploid potato breeding 进入全文
SPRINGER
Key messageUsing a diploid potato diversity panel of 246 breeding lines, a genotyping-by-sequencing and a GWAS approach, we mapped QTL for ten traits important to potato breeders, including two previously unmapped traits: boiled tuber taste and pollen fertility.AbstractPotato breeding at the diploid level has a long history and has gained new impetus recently, when F1 hybrid breeding was made possible with the discovery of a dominant gene for self-compatibility. Our study deploys a unique diploid diversity panel with a broadened cultivated potato gene pool obtained as a result of introgressing valuable traits from wild potato relatives into the Solanum tuberosum background. Using historical phenotyping data collected between 1979 and 2017 for 246 diploid potato clones and high-density genotyping-by-sequencing, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tuber yield, mean tuber weight, tuber shape and regularity, tuber eye depth, purple tuber skin colour, flesh colour, tuber starch content, boiled tuber taste (flavour) and pollen fertility. We found some QTL located in genomic regions described in earlier studies, e.g. the QTL for the tuber flesh colour on chromosome 3 overlapping with the location of beta-carotene hydroxylase gene. We identified novel QTL for mean tuber weight on chromosomes 8, 9 and 11 and for purple tuber skin colour on chromosomes 6, 7 and 8. QTL for boiled tuber taste and pollen fertility estimated by Lactofuchsin staining have not been mapped before. We found two regions on chromosome 10 affecting the boiled tuber taste, and QTL on chromosomes 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 for pollen fertility. Considering the increased interest in diploid hybrid potato breeding, the results presented here hold greater relevance and provide novel targets for potato breeding and research at the diploid level.
[前沿资讯 ] Leveraging nature’s nanocarriers: Translating insights from extracellular vesicles to biomimetic synthetic vesicles for biomedical applications 进入全文
Science Advances
Naturally occurring extracellular vesicles (EVs) and synthetic nanoparticles like liposomes have revolutionized precision diagnostics and medicine. EVs excel in biocompatibility and cell targeting, while liposomes offer enhanced drug loading capacity and scalability. The clinical translation of EVs is hindered by challenges including low yield and heterogeneity, whereas liposomes face rapid immune clearance and limited targeting efficiency. To bridge these gaps, biomimetic synthetic vesicles (SVs) have emerged as innovative platforms, combining the advantageous properties of EVs and liposomes. This review emphasizes critical aspects of EV biology, such as mechanisms of EV-cell interaction and source-dependent functionalities in targeting, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration, informing biomimetic SV engineering. We reviewed a broad array of biomimetic SVs, with a focus on lipid bilayered vesicles functionalized with proteins. These include cell-derived nanovesicles, protein-functionalized liposomes, and hybrid vesicles. By addressing current challenges and highlighting opportunities, this review aims to advance biomimetic SVs for transformative biomedical applications.
[学术文献 ] Chromosomal domain formation by archaeal SMC, a roadblock protein, and DNA structure 进入全文
Nature Communications
In eukaryotes, structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes form topologically associating domains (TADs) by extruding DNA loops and being stalled by roadblock proteins. It remains unclear whether a similar mechanism of domain formation exists in prokaryotes. Using high-resolution chromosome conformation capture sequencing, we show that an archaeal homolog of the bacterial Smc-ScpAB complex organizes the genome of Thermococcus kodakarensis into TAD-like domains. We find that TrmBL2, a nucleoid-associated protein that forms a stiff nucleoprotein filament, stalls the T. kodakarensis SMC complex and establishes a boundary at the site-specific recombination site dif. TrmBL2 stalls the SMC complex at tens of additional non-boundary loci with lower efficiency. Intriguingly, the stalling efficiency is correlated with structural properties of underlying DNA sequences. Our study illuminates a eukaryotic-like mechanism of domain formation in archaea and a role of intrinsic DNA structure in large-scale genome organization.
[前沿资讯 ] A generative model for complete mRNA sequences that deliver custom therapeutic payloads 进入全文
ginkgo公司
"Recent advances in AI have enabled remarkable progress in the design and optimization of messenger RNA (mRNA) for RNA vaccines and therapeutics. While recent work on mRNA design has largely focused on designing individual components of the mRNA sequence, designing end-to-end mRNA sequences presents a unique challenge. Specifically, designing functional mRNA requires joint optimization of the coding sequence (CDS) for a protein of interest in addition to the 3’ and 5’ untranslated regions (UTRs). Recently, diffusion models have emerged as a powerful generative framework for protein design and sequence generation, for example, Ginkgo's recently released antibody discrete diffusion model. Building on these advances, we introduce mRNA discrete diffusion (mDD-0), a discrete diffusion model for the generation of mRNA sequences."
