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[学术文献 ] A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for the agricultural pest Mythimna separata 进入全文
Scientific Data
The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata, poses a persistent challenge to agricultural pest management due to its strong migratory abilities and polyphagous feeding behavior. In this study, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly using Illumina, PacBio HiFi, and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The final assembly spans 714.5 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 22.7 Mb and a GC content of 38.8%. A total of 32 chromosomes were successfully anchored, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. BUSCO analysis indicated a genome completeness of 98.6%, and 19,879 protein-coding genes were predicted. The W chromosome, measuring 30.55 Mb with a repeat content of 68.34%, harbors 824 protein-coding genes. Furthermore, a PCR-based method confirmed W-linked sequences for female-specific sex detection via the ZW system. This enhanced genome assembly provides a valuable resource for evolutionary research on M. separata and facilitates the development of sex-regulated pest control strategies.
[政策法规 ] United Nations Economic Commission for Europe discusses revisions to the standard on seed potatoes to support trade 进入全文
Seedquest
During the 52nd session of UNECE’s Specialized Section on Standardization of Seed Potatoes (18–20 March 2025) in Geneva, delegates agreed on revisions to the UNECE Standard for Seed Potatoes (S-1), following a three-year review process. Initially adopted in 1961, the standard helps improve seed potato quality and safety worldwide, ensure fair competition and facilitate trade. The review was led by the delegation of Finland and included the delegations of France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Australian Seed Potato Industry Certification Authority, Euroseeds, and Potato Certification Service South Africa. Their collaboration has ensured that the standard reflects the latest industry needs and best practices. The revised standard will be presented for adoption by the UNECE Working Party on Agricultural Quality Standards at its 80th session on 17-19 November 2025.
[学术文献 ] De novo biosynthesis of plant lignans by synthetic yeast consortia 进入全文
Nature Chemical Biology
Reconstructing the biosynthesis of complex natural products such as lignans in yeast is challenging and can result in metabolic promiscuity, affecting the biosynthetic efficiency. Here we divide the lignan biosynthetic pathway across a synthetic yeast consortium with obligated mutualism and use ferulic acid as a metabolic bridge. This cooperative system successfully overcomes the metabolic promiscuity and synthesizes the common precursor, coniferyl alcohol. Furthermore, combined with systematic engineering strategies, we achieve the de novo synthesis of key lignan skeletons, pinoresinol and lariciresinol, and verify the scalability of the consortium by synthesizing complex lignans, including antiviral lariciresinol diglucoside. These results provide a starting engineering platform for the heterologous synthesis of lignans. In particular, the study illustrates that the yeast consortium with obligate mutualism is a promising strategy that mimics the metabolic division of labor among multiple plant cells, thereby improving the biosynthesis of long pathways and complex natural products.
[学术文献 ] Supra-second tracking and live-cell karyotyping reveal principles of mitotic chromosome dynamics 进入全文
Nature Cell Biology
Mitotic chromosome dynamics are essential for the three-dimensional organization of the genome during the cell cycle, but the spatiotemporal characteristics of this process remain unclear due to methodological challenges. While Hi-C methods capture interchromosomal contacts, they lack single-cell temporal dynamics, whereas microscopy struggles with bleaching and phototoxicity. Here, to overcome these limitations, we introduce Facilitated Segmentation and Tracking of Chromosomes in Mitosis Pipeline (FAST CHIMP), pairing time-lapse super-resolution microscopy with deep learning. FAST CHIMP tracked all human chromosomes with 8-s resolution from prophase to telophase, identified 15 out of 23 homologue pairs in single cells and compared chromosomal positioning between mother and daughter cells. It revealed a centrosome-motion-dependent flow that governs the mapping between chromosome locations at prophase and their metaphase plate position. In addition, FAST CHIMP measured supra-second dynamics of intra- and interchromosomal contacts. This tool adds a dynamic dimension to the study of chromatin behaviour in live cells, promising advances beyond the scope of existing methods.
[学术文献 ] The future of genome editing in plants 进入全文
nature plant
The future of genome editing in plants differs from how it is used today. For both research and product development, we need to think beyond the creation of simple single-nucleotide polymorphisms and short deletions in genes. We believe that the future of genome editing in plants involves mimicking the natural evolutionary processes that have shaped plant genomes and been the target of artificial selection during crop domestication and improvement. This includes programming large structural variations (insertions, duplications, deletions, inversions and translocations) and controlling plant recombination and endogenous transposable elements that naturally reshape plant genomes. The key is that genome editing will be used to reshape plant genomes in a manner that could have happened naturally, but now these changes can be directed rapidly in the laboratory.
[前沿资讯 ] BioMed X Institute and Merck Successfully Complete Extrachromosomal DNA in Cancer Research Project 进入全文
BioMed X Institute
BioMed X, a German independent research institute, announces the successful completion of its oncology research project in partnership with Merck. The data generated by this project has been acquired by Merck for further development, potentially leading to new therapeutic approaches in precision oncology. Launched in August 2022, the collaboration aimed to unravel the mechanisms behind the formation, propagation, and impact of ecDNA in cancer cells using state-of-the-art single-cell screening and spatial technologies. The project was led by Dr. Alexandros Drainas, winner of the BioMed X Innovation Boot Camp, and mentored by Dr. Sebastian M. Waszak, Assistant Professor at EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland. Industry guidance provided by Dr. Balca Mardin, Head of Target Discovery & Research at Merck. The team’s research identified genes that may reduce ecDNA abundance in cancer cells. Additionally, Team EDC developed advanced spatial technologies to explore how ecDNA localization affects cancer cell adaptability. The project was completed earlier than expected thanks to the promising and unexpected results achieved by the team. These early findings may offer promising strategies for mitigating cancer heterogeneity and reducing the mechanisms driving therapeutic resistance, potentially improving the efficacy of existing treatments.
