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[学术文献 ] Ubiquitin Ligase U-Box51 Positively Regulates Drought Stress in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) 进入全文
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a key protein degradation pathway in eukaryotes, in which E3 ubiquitin ligases mediate protein ubiquitination, directly or indirectly targeting substrate proteins to regulate various biological processes, including plant growth, hormone signaling, immune responses, and adaptation to abiotic stress. In this study, we identified plant U-box protein 51 in Solanum tuberosum (StPUB51) as an E3 ubiquitin ligase through transcriptomic analysis, and used it as a candidate gene for gene-function analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to examine StPUB51 expression across different tissues, and its expression patterns under simulated drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) were assessed. Transgenic plants overexpressing StPUB51 and plants with down-regulated StPUB51 expression were generated to evaluate drought tolerance. The activities of key antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content in transgenic plants' leaves were measured under drought conditions. Protein-protein interactions involving StPUB51 were explored via yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening, with interaction verification by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). StPUB51 was predominantly expressed in stems, with lower expression observed in tubers, and its expression was significantly upregulated in response to 20% PEG-6000 simulated drought. Subcellular localization assays revealed nuclear localization of the StPUB51 protein. Under drought stress, StPUB51-overexpressing plants exhibited enhanced SOD, POD, and CAT activities and reduced MDA levels, in contrast to plants with suppressed StPUB51 expression. Y2H and BiFC analyses identified two interacting proteins, StSKP2A and StGATA1, which may be functionally linked to StPUB51. Collectively, these findings suggest that StPUB51 plays a positive regulatory role in drought tolerance, enhancing resilience in potato growth and stress adaptation.
[科研项目 ] Scientists chip away at potato storage problems 进入全文
PotatoPRO
Now researchers from Cranfield University, working with PepsiCo and Solynta, a leader in hybrid potato breeding, are using advanced genetic analysis to tackle the challenges of maintaining crop quality whilst extending storage life. The project aims to solve the problem of keeping potatoes dormant for longer, using fewer chemicals, less energy and generating less food waste. With a grant from Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) prosperity partnership fund, the project to enhance potato dormancy brings together expertise in genetics, plant biology, and technology. The team aims to develop new potato varieties and storage methods that:(1)Extend storage life: reducing food waste and ensuring year-round supply;(2)Lower energy consumption: minimising the environmental impact of cold storage;(3)Reduce chemical use: promoting sustainable agriculture practices.
[学术文献 ] The de novo design and synthesis of yeast chromosome XIII facilitates investigations on aging 进入全文
Nature Communications
In the era of synthetic biology, design, construction, and utilization of synthetic chromosomes with unique features provide a strategy to study complex cellular processes such as aging. Herein, we successfully construct the 884 Kb synXIII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to investigate replicative aging using these synthetic strains. We verify that up-regulation of a rRNA-related transcriptional factor, RRN9, positively influence replicative lifespan. Using SCRaMbLE system that enables inducible whole-genome rearrangement on synXIII, we obtain 20 SCRaMbLEd synXIII strains with extended lifespan. Transcriptome analysis reveal the expression of genes involve in global protein synthesis is up-regulated in longer-lived strains. We establish causal links between genotypic change and the long-lived phenotype via reconstruction of some key structural variations observed in post-SCRaMbLE strains and further demonstrate combinatorial effects of multiple aging regulators on lifespan extension. Our findings underscore the potential of synthetic yeasts in unveiling the function of aging-related genes.
[政策法规 ] 湖南省人民政府办公厅印发《关于支持常德市合成生物制造产业高质量发展的若干措施》的通知 进入全文
湖南省人民政府办公厅
湖南省人民政府将常德市合成生物制造产业纳入全省重点产业规划予以重点支持，推动合成生物制造产业项目、技术、成果向常德市集聚。重点支持酶制剂、医药中间体及制药原料、动植保药物及制剂、未来食品及保健品、医美原料及制剂、生物基材料、天然产物及衍生物等领域发展，打造全国一流的合成生物制造产业新高地。支持常德市争创合成生物制造领域的国家级产业集群。支持常德市以合成生物制造为示范内容，创建省级新型工业化产业示范基地。支持各类创新主体积极承接国家级、省级合成生物制造领域重大科技项目或课题，开展合成生物制造领域基础研究、应用基础研究和关键核心技术攻关。对企业承担国家重大科技专项、重点研发计划、自然科学基金等重大项目，省财政按政策从科技专项资金中给予支持。省科技计划项目设置专题，支持合成生物制造领域技术创新。支持常德市筹建湖南省合成生物制造标准化技术委员会，开展合成生物制造标准体系建设。鼓励引进合成生物制造领域国内顶尖研发机构在常德市设立分支机构。支持企业联合高校、科研院所以及产业链上下游企业组建省级创新联合体，推进创新链、产业链融合。
[前沿资讯 ] Final piece in synthetic yeast puzzle delivered 进入全文
Macquarie University
Macquarie University researchers have worked with an international team of scientists to achieve a major milestone in synthetic biology by completing the creation of the final chromosome in the world's first synthetic yeast genome.This achievement represents the completion of the global Sc2.0 project to create the world's first synthetic eukaryotic genome from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) and a new-to-nature tRNA neochromosome.Using cutting-edge genome-editing techniques, including the CRISPR D-BUGS protocol, the team identified and corrected genetic errors that impacted yeast growth. These changes restored the strain’s ability to grow on glycerol, a key carbon source, under elevated temperatures.
[学术文献 ] Chromosome Engineering: Technologies, Applications, and Challenges 进入全文
Annu Rev Anim Biosci
Chromosome engineering is a transformative field at the cutting edge of biological science, offering unprecedented precision in manipulating large-scale genomic DNA within cells. This discipline is central to deciphering how the multifaceted roles of chromosomes-guarding genetic information, encoding sequence positional information, and influencing organismal traits-shape the genetic blueprint of life. This review comprehensively examines the technological advancements in chromosome engineering, which center on engineering chromosomal rearrangements, generating artificial chromosomes, de novo synthesizing chromosomes, and transferring chromosomes. Additionally, we introduce the application progress of chromosome engineering in basic and applied research fields, showcasing its capacity to deepen our knowledge of genetics and catalyze breakthroughs in therapeutic strategies. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the challenges the field faces and highlight the profound implications that chromosome engineering holds for the future of modern biology and medical applications.
