Cell state-specific cytoplasmic density controls spindle architecture and scaling

• 全文链接

细胞状态特异性细胞质密度控制纺锤体结构和缩放

关键词：

来源：

Nature Cell Biology

全文链接：

//agri.nais.net.cn/topic/downloadFile/3da40567-0a1d-471b-8df9-4512e384ebb9

来源地址：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41556-025-01678-x

资源所属：

马铃薯基因组设计育种

类型：

学术文献

语种：

英语

原文发布日期：

2025-06-13

摘要：

Mitotic spindles are dynamically intertwined with the cytoplasm they assemble in. How the physicochemical properties of the cytoplasm affect spindle architecture and size remains largely unknown. Using quantitative biochemistry in combination with adaptive feedback microscopy, we investigated mitotic cell and spindle morphology during neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells. While tubulin biochemistry and microtubule dynamics remained unchanged, spindles changed their scaling behaviour; in differentiating cells, spindles were considerably smaller than those in equally sized undifferentiated stem cells. Integrating quantitative phase imaging, biophysical perturbations and theory, we found that as cells differentiated, their cytoplasm became more dilute. The concomitant decrease in free tubulin activated CPAP (centrosomal P4.1-associated protein) to enhance the centrosomal nucleation capacity. As a consequence, in differentiating cells, microtubule mass shifted towards spindle poles at the expense of the spindle bulk, explaining the differentiation-associated switch in spindle architecture. This study shows that cell state-specific cytoplasmic density tunes mitotic spindle architecture. Thus, we reveal physical properties of the cytoplasm as a major determinant in organelle size control.