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[学术文献 ] GhTBL3 is required for fiber secondary cell wall (SCW) formation via maintaining acetylation of xylan in cotton 进入全文
PLANT JOURNAL
TBL family proteins containing the domain of unknown function mainly act as xylan O-acetyltransferases, but the specific molecular mechanism of their functions remains unclear in plants (especially in cotton) so far. In this study, we characterized the TBL family proteins containing the conserved GDS and DxxH motifs in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Among them, GhTBL3 is highly expressed in fibers at the stage of secondary cell wall (SCW) formation and mainly functions as O-acetyltransferase to maintain acetylation of xylan in fiber SCW development. Overexpression of GhTBL3 in cotton promoted fiber SCW formation, resulting in increased fiber cell wall thickness. In contrast, suppression of GhTBL3 expression in cotton impaired fiber SCW synthesis, leading to the decreased fiber cell wall thickness, compared with wild type (WT). Furthermore, two fiber SCW-related transcription factors GhMYBL1 and GhKNL1 were found to directly bind to the promoter of GhTBL3 in cotton. GhMYBL1 enhanced the transcription activity of GhTBL3, whereas GhKNL1 inhibited the expression of GhTBL3 in fibers. The acetylation level of xylan was remarkably decreased in fibers of GhMYBL1 RNAi transgenic cotton, but the acetylation level of xylan was significantly increased in fibers of GhKNL1 RNAi cotton, relative to WT. Given together, the above results suggested that GhTBL3 may be under the dual control of GhMYBL1 and GhKNL1 to maintain the suitable acetylation level of xylan required for fiber SCW formation in cotton. Thus, our data provide an effective clue for potentially improving fiber quality by genetic manipulation of GhTBL3 in cotton breeding.
[学术文献 ] Re-localization of a repeat-containing fungal effector by apoplastic protein Chitinase-like 1 blocks its toxicity 进入全文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
A fungal effector that is toxic to plant cells was identified in Verticillium dahliae. The effector contains a non-canonical Common in several Fungal Extracellular Membrane proteins (CFEM) domain, a tandem repeat region consisting of four 14-amino acid repeats rich in proline, and a C-terminal region, thus is designated V. dahliae tetrapeptide repeat protein (VdTRP). The membrane targeting of VdTRP is vital for its cell toxicity. CFEM mediates the membrane targeting and the tandem repeat region exerts the toxic function upon cell membrane. The chitinase-like 1 (CTL1), an essential apoplastic protein of cotton, can redirect VdTRP from cell membrane to apoplast. Transgenic cotton overexpressing CTL1 greatly enhances cotton resistance to V. dahliae without affecting cotton growth and development, implicating its potential application in breeding cotton with high wilt resistance. Our data demonstrates that genetic manipulation of effector target constitutes potential strategy for improving crop resistance to fungal pathogens. A toxin identified in Verticillium dahliae, VdTRP, damages cell membranes and causes rapid cell death. As defense, cotton uses chitinase-like 1, a cell wall protein, to keep VdTRP in the apoplastic space and reduce its toxicity to plant cells.
[学术文献 ] Environmental impacts of genetically modified crops 进入全文
SCIENCE
Genetically modified (GM) crops have been adopted by some of the world's leading agricultural nations, but the full extent of their environmental impact remains largely unknown. Although concerns regarding the direct environmental effects of GM crops have declined, GM crops have led to indirect changes in agricultural practices, including pesticide use, agricultural expansion, and cropping patterns, with profound environmental implications. Recent studies paint a nuanced picture of these environmental impacts, with mixed effects of GM crop adoption on biodiversity, deforestation, and human health that vary with the GM trait and geographic scale. New GM or gene-edited crops with different traits would likely have different environmental and human health impacts.
[学术文献 ] Scalable multifunctional MOFs-textiles via diazonium chemistry 进入全文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Cellulose fiber-based textiles are ubiquitous in daily life for their processability, biodegradability, and outstanding flexibility. Integrating cellulose textiles with functional coating materials can unlock their potential functionalities to engage diverse applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal candidate materials for such integration, thanks to their unique merits, such as large specific surface area, tunable pore size, and species diversity. However, achieving scalable fabrication of MOFs-textiles with high mechanical durability remains challenging. Here, we report a facile and scalable strategy for direct MOF growth on cotton fibers grafted via the diazonium chemistry. The as-prepared ZIF-67-Cotton textile (ZIF-67-CT) exhibits excellent ultraviolet (UV) resistance and organic contamination degradation via the peroxymonosulfate activation. The ZIF-67-CT is also used to encapsulate essential oils such as carvacrol to enable antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Additionally, by directly tethering a hydrophobic molecular layer onto the MOF-coated surface, superhydrophobic ZIF-67-CT is achieved with excellent self-cleaning, antifouling, and oil-water separation performances. More importantly, the reported strategy is generic and applicable to other MOFs and cellulose fiber-based materials, and various large-scale multi-functional MOFs-textiles can be successfully manufactured, resulting in vast applications in wastewater purification, fragrance industry, and outdoor gears. Integrating cellulose textiles with functional coating materials can unlock their potential functionalities to engage diverse applications. Here, authors report a generic strategy to achieve highly stable, large-scale, and multifunctional MOFs-textiles via diazonium chemistry.
[学术文献 ] Sweat permeable and ultrahigh strength 3D PVDF piezoelectric nanoyarn fabric strain sensor 进入全文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Commercial wearable piezoelectric sensors possess excellent anti-interference stability due to their electronic packaging. However, this packaging renders them barely breathable and compromises human comfort. To address this issue, we develop a PVDF piezoelectric nanoyarns with an ultrahigh strength of 313.3 MPa, weaving them with different yarns to form three-dimensional piezoelectric fabric (3DPF) sensor using the advanced 3D textile technology. The tensile strength (46.0 MPa) of 3DPF exhibits the highest among the reported flexible piezoelectric sensors. The 3DPF features anti-gravity unidirectional liquid transport that allows sweat to move from the inner layer near to the skin to the outer layer in 4 s, resulting in a comfortable and dry environment for the user. It should be noted that sweating does not weaken the piezoelectric properties of 3DPF, but rather enhances. Additionally, the durability and comfortability of 3DPF are similar to those of the commercial cotton T-shirts. This work provides a strategy for developing comfortable flexible wearable electronic devices. Electronic packaging causes piezoelectric sensors to be airtight, resulting in poor wearing comfort. To address this issue, the authors develop a 3D all-fiber piezoelectric sensor with sweat permeable using the advanced 3D textile technology.
[学术文献 ] Combined bulked segregant analysis and Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR genotyping identifies candidate genes related to the node of the first fruiting branch in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) 进入全文
EUPHYTICA
The node of the first fruiting branch (NFFB) is a credible morphological indicator for the identification of early maturity in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). In this study, a large F2 population resulting from a cross between genotypes 'XSK28' (early-maturity) and 'TM-1' (late-maturity) was constructed to identify candidate genes for the NFFB in upland cotton by bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) genotyping. A total of 2,120,783 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms were detected between two parents and between two DNA pools. By BSA technology, a candidate region of 7.2-Mb on chromosome A09 was identified as the target QTL region for the NFFB. Subsequently, QTL mapping and t-test based on KASP genotyping narrowed the QTL region to 260 kb, containing 20 functionally annotated genes. The quantitative reverse transcription PCR results showed the expression levels of two candidate genes, namely Gh_A09G087700 and Gh_A09G087800, in the early-maturity parent 'XSK28' were significantly lower than in the late-maturity parent 'TM-1' at all three stages of flower bud growth. These two genes may be involved in regulating the formation of the NFFB and can be regarded as promising candidate genes. The study provids valuable information for further revealing the molecular mechanism of the NFFB and marker-assisted selection breeding of cotton early maturity.
