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[学术文献 ] Impact of Using Preconsumer Cotton Waste on Yarn and Fabric Quality 进入全文
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
This study explores and discusses the fiber quality from pre-production cotton waste, spun using rotor technology, on fabrics for use in home textiles or denim. The shortage of primary cotton on the market and changes in cotton quality due to organic farming have prompted producers to find optimal ways to recover cotton from waste. However, the reuse of cotton fibers from cotton waste is limited due to fiber quality degradation. Specific cleaning channels C and A on the Rieter R 37 were used to compare the effect of contamination on the quality of the final products. The quality of fibers, yarns, and fabrics in the gray state and after bleaching was analyzed, and the influence of fiber contamination was evaluated. The yarn spun in cleaning channel C was of comparable quality to that spun in cleaning channel A but with better fiber utilization at the expense of contamination. No significant degradation of the final treated fabric was observed. Fabric contamination, mainly due to seed coat fragments, correlated with contamination levels in yarn spun from different fiber blends and decreased as the treatment process progressed.
[学术文献 ] Screening Verticillium wilt-resistant germplasm by monitoring the time-series chlorophyll content of cotton canopies via a UAV-based high-throughput platform 进入全文
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
Verticillium wilt (VW) is a highly detrimental disease of cotton that causes significant reductions in yield and fiber quality. Efficient and accurate screening of VW-resistant varieties is essential for cotton breeding and production. However, traditional identification methods, such as manual observation, are inefficient and costly. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and remote sensing technologies have opened new insights into the screening of field crops for disease-resistant germplasm. This study utilized a UAV multispectral platform to collect data from five growth stages of 150 cotton varieties with different VW resistances. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was identified as a reliable predictor of chlorophyll levels through hierarchical segmentation analysis. We further compared four deep learning models for chlorophyll monitoring: 1D-CNN, CNN-BiLSTM, CNN-BiLSTM-Adaboost, and CNN-BiLSTM-Attention, with the CNN-BiLSTM-Attention model performing best (R2 = 0.92). The optimum model was then used to invert the extent of VW infection using single- and multiperiod chlorophyll, and the latter was found to have the best results with the highest R2 value of 0.96. Multidimensional clustering of chlorophyll content over multiple periods was used to screen different cotton VWresistant germplasm, and the ISODATA cluster method outperformed the other three methods (K-means, K means++, and GMM). This study highlights that combining a UAV multispectral platform with an accurate chlorophyll inversion model can enable high-throughput assessment of the cotton VW infection in the field, providing a powerful tool for screening cotton VW-resistant germplasm and thus supporting cotton breeding efforts.
[学术文献 ] Light-hormone crosstalk modulates vegetative branching and yield stability in dual-planting cotton systems 进入全文
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
Context: Dual-planting systems, characterized by retaining two seedlings per hole, offer a labor-efficient strategy for cotton cultivation by suppressing vegetative branching (VB) without compromising yield. However, the mechanisms underlying VB inhibition and yield stability remain poorly resolved. Method: This study integrates ecological, physiological, and molecular approaches to unravel how light-hormone crosstalk modulates branching plasticity in dual-planting cotton. Field trials comparing single- (1S) and dualplanting (2S) systems were conducted over two seasons, coupled with canopy microclimate analysis, stable isotope (13C) tracing, transcriptomics, and hormonal profiling. Results: Results demonstrated that dual-planting reduced VB-sourced boll density by 56.3 % while increasing fruiting branch (FB)-sourced yield by 12.9 %, maintaining total seed cotton yield parity with 1S. Canopy restructuring under 2S lowered photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and red/far-red (R/FR) ratios at VB positions by 45.5-55.6 % and 38.4 %, respectively, intensifying light competition. This activated the phyB-PIFsBRC1 signaling axis, triggering hormonal reconfiguration: suppressed auxin (IAA; 22.1 %) and cytokinin (CTKs; 24.3-52.2 %) levels alongside elevated jasmonate (JA; 49.7 %) and abscisic acid (ABA; 27.8 %). VB biomass correlated positively with PAR and growth-promoting hormones (IAA, CTKs) but negatively with ABA. Transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes (GhLHCB, GhPHYB) and growthpromoting pathways (GhYUC8, GhIPT1), alongside upregulation of stress-responsive genes (GhLOX1, GhPYL9). Concurrently, 13C tracing showed preferential photoassimilate allocation to FBs, enhancing fiber quality (7.3 % longer, 12.4 % stronger fibers) without yield loss. Conclusion: These findings establish a tripartite regulatory framework linking canopy ecology, hormonal dynamics, and light signaling to optimize resource partitioning. By elucidating the molecular basis of branching plasticity, this work provides actionable insights into breeding shade-resilient cultivars and refining high-density planting systems, advancing sustainable cotton production under labor-constrained scenarios.
[学术文献 ] The National Plant Germplasm System cotton collection-a review of germplasm resources, phenotypic characterization, and genomic variation 进入全文
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
This review is an investigation of the status of phenotypic and molecular characterization efforts in the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) cotton collection, highlighting progress to date to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of future characterization efforts. We considered recent publications of large-scale characterization activities involving the cotton collection. Reports of qualitative descriptors and quantitative phenotypes were considered as well as reports of molecular genotypes. Approximately 80% of cotton accessions are characterized with standardized descriptors and digital images; in addition, large numbers of accessions have recently been screened for resistance to Fusarium wilt, bacterial blight, and cotton leaf curl virus. Many studies have measured genotypes of accessions using a range of technologies-31% of accessions have been genotyped using simple sequence repeat markers, 5% have been genotyped with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, 7% have been genotyped with SNPs from resequencing, and 0.2% of accessions have been sequenced genomically de novo. These efforts ensure that valuable genetic resources are well-characterized, although only a small fraction of the genetic variability in the cotton collection has been surveyed to date. The integration of NPGS cotton collection resources with phenotypic and genotypic information has illuminated the value of cotton genetic variation and genes associated with important traits such as disease resistance and stress tolerance. The cotton collection is a premier information source and critical foundation of variation essential for cotton research and breeding programs aimed at developing resilient cultivars with superior yield and fiber quality in support of U.S. cotton production.
[学术文献 ] Genome-wide association study reveals novel SNP loci and candidate genes linked to flowering time in upland cotton 进入全文
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
Key messageA total of 456 SNPs associated significantly with FT via GWAS and three candidate genes related to flowering were identified via RNA-seq, qRT-PCR and VIGS.AbstractFlowering time (FT) is one of the main traits associated with early maturity in upland cotton; however, genetic basis and candidate genes underlying FT remain inadequately understood. In this study, 1,574,032 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified on the basis of resequencing data from 619 upland cotton lines, and among them, 418 core germplasms were selected and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were conducted to identify 456 SNPs that were significantly associated with FT. Variant annotation of significant SNPs revealed that 25 of these SNPs resulted in nonsynonymous mutations in eight genes. Three early-flowering-favouring haplotypes (A02_Hap3, D10_Hap3 and D11_Hap3) and two early-flowering-favouring alleles (D09_6523710_GG and D09_50028094_AA) were identified by haplotype/allele analysis. By RNA-seq and qRT-PCR, three candidate genes (GhFRO7, GhCML1 and GhPCMP-E88) were also shown to be differentially expressed between early-flowering and late-flowering varieties. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiments further verified the critical roles of the three genes, which were important regulators underlying the late-flowering phenotype in upland cotton, in the regulation of FT. Moreover, selection pressure analysis revealed that these three candidate genes might have experienced artificial or natural selection. In addition, we developed two cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers, which have potential application value. These findings will provide a new theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of early maturity-related traits in upland cotton and lay the foundation for the breeding of excellent early maturing varieties.
[学术文献 ] pseudo-GhFAD2-1 Is a lncRNA Involved in Regulating Cottonseed Oleic and Linoleic Acid Ratios and Seed Size in Gossypium hirsutum 进入全文
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), defined as transcripts > 200 nt without protein-coding capacity, play crucial regulatory roles in plant growth and development. While numerous lncRNAs exist in plants including cotton (Gossypium spp.), few are functionally characterised. G. hirsutum serves as both a premier fibre crop and significant oil source, where fatty acid desaturase 2 (GhFAD2-1) is a key gene for the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cottonseed. In this study, we confirmed that the GhFAD2-1 located on the D subgenome generated a tightly linked homologous copy through a tandem duplication event. Due to sequence divergence in the promoter and gene body following the duplication event, this homologous sequence was identified as a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and designated as pseudo-GhFAD2-1 (pGhFAD2-1). Knocking out pGhFAD2-1 increased linoleic acid content and reduced seed size, whereas over-expressing pGhFAD2-1 had opposite effects. pGhFAD2-1 interacts with histone deacetylase GhHDT1 and 40S ribosomal protein GhRPS12, transcriptionally recruiting GhHDT1 to suppress GhFAD2-1 expression and translationally inhibiting GhFAD2 protein synthesis by competitively binding RPS12 with GhFAD2-1 mRNA, ultimately disrupting cottonseed fatty acid biosynthesis. The impact of pGhFAD2-1 on seed size seems to be achieved through the ABA biosynthesis and signalling pathways via GhHDT1, with an increasing level of ABA leading to smaller seeds. The results expand our knowledge on the origin, function and regulatory mechanism of plant lncRNAs and provide new targets and pathways for genetic manipulation of cottonseed oil and seed size.
