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[学术文献 ] COBRA-LIKE 9 modulates cotton cell wall development via regulating cellulose deposition 进入全文
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Plant cell walls are complex and dynamic cellular structures critical for plant growth, development, physiology, and adaptation. Cellulose is one of the most important components of the cell wall. However, how cellulose microfibrils deposit and assemble into crystalline cellulose remains elusive. The COBRA-LIKE plant-specific protein family plays a vital role in modulating the deposition and orientation of cellulose microfibril in plant cell walls. Here, we investigate the role of GhCOBL9 in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber development, an ideal model for studying cell elongation and cell wall thickening. The expression period of GhCOBL9 is consistent with the thickening stage of the secondary wall of cotton fibers. Overexpression of GhCOBL9 results in increased cellulose content in the cell wall and produces shorter, thicker, and stronger fibers, while RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated downregulation of GhCOBL9 leads to the opposite phenotypes, indicating its crucial role in cell wall development. Subcellular localization and binding activity assays reveal that GhCOBL9 targets the cell wall and binds to crystalline cellulose with high affinity. Transcriptomic analysis of GhCOBL9 transgenic lines uncovers expression alterations in genes related to cellulose and monosaccharide biosynthesis. Furthermore, we identify a fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 9 (GhFLA9) as an interacting partner of GhCOBL9 to modulate cell wall development. Additionally, the R2R3-MYB transcription factor GhMYB46-5 activates GhCOBL9 expression by binding to the MYB46-responsive cis-regulatory element in the GhCOBL9 promoter. These findings broaden our knowledge of COBL function in modulating plant cell wall development. COBRA-LIKE protein interacts with a fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein to modulate cellulose deposition and regulate fiber cell wall development in cotton.
[前沿资讯 ] New medium-fiber cotton varieties are being developed 进入全文
TURKMENISTAN Golden age
As in the whole country, in the Dashoguz velayat much attention is paid to scientific selection and the creation of new high-yielding varieties of cotton. Thus, last year, production tests of a new promising medium-fiber cotton variety “Dashoguz-150” were continued here. It was developed by the head of the Dashoguz velayat cotton breeding and seed production branch of the Research Institute of Cotton Growing of the Ministry of Agriculture of Turkmenistan Ch. Seyitmuradov. Two and a half hectares of land were sown with the new variety. According to the developer, the yield, on average, reached 35 centners per hectare. The new product, continuing the popular in the region line of varieties "Gubadag", in terms of its main indicators meets modern requirements for the crop and in various characteristics is not inferior to the basic varieties already tested in the region. The developer tried to "build" into the new product improved parameters for germination in local climatic conditions and increased disease resistance, high yield and strength of fiber, and others. Simultaneously with this variety, tests were also conducted on another new medium-fiber cotton variety, "Jeyhun-16", which also has good indicators for the main characteristics. Based on the results of the staged tests, conclusions will be made on the suitability of the new varieties for mass production. Further development of the cotton industry in the north of the country is planned to be carried out by increasing the yield with more efficient and rational use of land and water resources. Such a strategy requires, among other things, the creation of new varieties of the crop that have a set of economically useful characteristics and are adapted to growing conditions. Therefore, local breeders continue to consistently work on the creation of new varieties that fully satisfy the requirements of the domestic textile industry.
[学术文献 ] Cotton RLP6 Interacts With NDR1/HIN6 to Enhance Verticillium Wilt Resistance via Altering ROS and SA 进入全文
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
Cotton Verticillium wilt (VW) is often a destructive disease that results in significant fibre yield and quality losses in Gossypium hirsutum. Transferring the resistance trait of Gossypium barbadense to G. hirsutum is optional but challenging in traditional breeding due to limited molecular dissections of resistance genes. Here, we discovered a species-diversified structural variation (SV) in the promoter of receptor-like protein 6 (RLP6) that caused distinctly higher expression level of RLP6 in G. barbadense with the SV than G. hirsutum without the SV. Functional experiments showed that RLP6 is an important regulator in mediating VW resistance. Overexpressing RLP6 significantly enhanced resistance and root growth, whereas the opposite phenotype appeared in RLP6-silenced cotton. A series of experiments indicated that RLP6 regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and salicylic acid (SA) signalling, which induced diversified defence-related gene expression with pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and cell wall proteins enrichments for resistance improvement. These findings could be valuable for the transfer of the G. barbadense SV locus to improve G. hirsutum VW resistance in future crop disease resistance breeding.
[学术文献 ] Analysis of the genetic basis of fiber-related traits and flowering time in upland cotton using machine learning 进入全文
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
Cotton is an important crop for fiber production, but the genetic basis underlying key agronomic traits, such as fiber quality and flowering days, remains complex. While machine learning (ML) has shown great potential in uncovering the genetic architecture of complex traits in other crops, its application in cotton has been limited. Here, we applied five machine learning models-AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting Regressor, LightGBM, Random Forest, and XGBoost-to identify loci associated with fiber quality and flowering days in cotton. We compared two SNP dataset down-sampling methods for model training and found that selecting SNPs with an Fscale value greater than 0 outperformed randomly selected SNPs in terms of model accuracy. We further performed machine learning quantitative trait loci (mlQTLs) analysis for 13 traits related to fiber quality and flowering days. These mlQTLs were then compared to those identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), revealing that the machine learning approach not only confirmed known loci but also identified novel QTLs. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of population size on model accuracy and found that larger population sizes resulted in better predictive performance. Finally, we proposed candidate genes for the identified mlQTLs, including two argonaute 5 proteins, Gh_A09G104100 and Gh_A09G104400, for the FL3/FS2 locus, as well as GhFLA17 and Syntaxin-121 (Gh_D09G143700) for the FSD09_2/FED09_2 locus. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of machine learning in enhancing the identification of genetic loci in cotton, providing valuable insights for improving cotton breeding strategies.
[学术文献 ] Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the MYC Gene Family in Cotton: Evolution and Expression Profiles During Normal Growth and Stress Response 进入全文
GENES
Background: The gene family of myelomatosis (MYC), serving as a transcription factor in the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway, displays a significant level of conservation across diverse animal and plant species. Cotton is the most widely used plant for fiber production. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of literature reporting on the members of MYCs and how they respond to biotic stresses in cotton. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was used to mine the MYC gene family in cotton based on InterPro, cottongen, etc. Results: The gene structure, conserved motifs, and upstream open reading frames of 32 GhMYCs in Gossypium hirsutum were identified. Moreover, it was anticipated that the GT1-motif is the most abundant in GhMYCs, indicating that the GT1-motif plays a significant role in light-responsive GhMYCs. The expression patterns of GhMYCs under biotic stresses including V. dahliae and Aphid gossypii were evaluated, suggesting that GhMYCs in class-1 and -3 GhMYCs, which function as negative regulators, are involved in resistance to verticillium wilt and aphids. The class-3 GhMYCs genes were found to be mostly expressed in female tissues. Interestingly, it was also determined that the homeologous expression bias within GhMYCs in cotton was uncovered, and results showed that the gene expression of class-1A and class-2 GhMYCs in the Dt sub-genome may have a direct impact on gene function. Conclusions: This study provides a research direction for researchers and breeders to enhance cotton traits through manipulating individual or multiple homeologs, which laid a foundation for further study of the molecular characteristics and biological functions of GhMYC gene.
[学术文献 ] The impact of temperature on cotton yield and production in Xinjiang, China 进入全文
npj Sustainable Agriculture
Cotton production in Xinjiang is crucial to China’s economy, but the region’s cold climate poses challenges to cultivation. This study analyzes temperature data from 33 meteorological stations in Xinjiang (1981–2020) alongside cotton yield data to assess cold damage during key cotton growth stages. A comparison is made with cotton-producing counties in the U.S. southwest (Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma). Results show that Xinjiang has a shorter frost-free period (140–210 days) compared to the U.S. (235–300 days). The Pearson correlation coefficient indicates that spring cold damage (SpCD) during emergence stage significantly impacts yield. SpCD lasts 5–10 days in NXJ, 3–7 days in SXJ, and 3–4 days in the U.S. Severe cold damage, notably in 1996 and 2010, led to a 40% yield decline. To mitigate cold damage, breeding cold-tolerant cotton varieties and developing innovative cultivation technologies are critical for sustaining cotton production in Xinjiang.
