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[学术文献 ] Resource-Efficient Cotton Network: A Lightweight Deep Learning Framework for Cotton Disease and Pest Classification 进入全文
PLANTS-BASEL
Cotton is the most widely cultivated natural fiber crop worldwide, yet it is highly susceptible to various diseases and pests that significantly compromise both yield and quality. To enable rapid and accurate diagnosis of cotton diseases and pests-thus supporting the development of effective control strategies and facilitating genetic breeding research-we propose a lightweight model, the Resource-efficient Cotton Network (RF-Cott-Net), alongside an open-source image dataset, CCDPHD-11, encompassing 11 disease categories. Built upon the MobileViTv2 backbone, RF-Cott-Net integrates an early exit mechanism and quantization-aware training (QAT) to enhance deployment efficiency without sacrificing accuracy. Experimental results on CCDPHD-11 demonstrate that RF-Cott-Net achieves an accuracy of 98.4%, an F1-score of 98.4%, a precision of 98.5%, and a recall of 98.3%. With only 4.9 M parameters, 310 M FLOPs, an inference time of 3.8 ms, and a storage footprint of just 4.8 MB, RF-Cott-Net delivers outstanding accuracy and real-time performance, making it highly suitable for deployment on agricultural edge devices and providing robust support for in-field automated detection of cotton diseases and pests.
[学术文献 ] GhHDZ50 regulates cotton fiber elongation in Gossypium hirsutum L. through control of fatty acid biosynthesis 进入全文
PLANT SCIENCE
Cotton fibers are highly elongated single-celled trichomes that develop on the ovule of the seed. However, there are still many unknowns about the molecular mechanism of cotton fiber development. In this study, a homologous domain leucine-zipper (HD-Zip) IV gene GhHDZ50 was reported to play an important role in cotton fiber elongation. GhHDZ50 was predominantly expressed in fibers at 5 days post-anthesis (DPA), and its gene product was localized to the nucleus. Overexpression of GhHDZ50 in Arabidopsis resulted in longer leaf trichomes and root hairs, while knocking out of GhHDZ50 in cotton, resulted in shorter cotton fibers. Knockout of GhHDZ50 in cotton led to reduce transcript levels of genes associated with fatty acid biosynthesis, ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction, sucrose synthase and tubulin. Biochemical analysis showed that GhHDZ50 interacted directly with GhTCP3, which further inhibited the transcriptional activity of GhHDZ50 on downstream fatty acid synthesis-related genes GhLAC6 and GhLOX5. In conclusion, GhHDZ50 positively regulates cotton fiber elongation through fatty acid biosynthesis. The results provide new evidence for involvement of HD-Zip transcription factors in regulation of cotton fiber development and suggest new targets for cotton breeding.
[学术文献 ] Optimal drip irrigation leaching amount and timing enhanced cotton fiber yield, quality and nitrogen uptake by regulating soil salinity and nitrate nitrogen in saline-alkaline fields 进入全文
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
Improving cotton fiber quality can increase the economic income of cotton farmers, but achieving high fiber quality without decreasing cotton fiber yield remains a major challenge in saline-alkaline cotton fields. A field experiment was conducted in 2020 and 2021 on saline-alkaline soil with cotton under drip irrigation to examine how amount and timing of leaching affected soils salinity, cotton fiber yield and quality. There were five leaching amounts (CK: 0 mm, W1: 75 mm, W2: 150 mm, W3: 225 mm and W4: 300 mm) and three leaching timings (T1: once at the seedling stage, T2: twice at the seedling and budding stages, and T3: thrice at the seedling, budding and pollen-setting stages). Soil salinity, soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), cotton nitrogen (N) uptake, irrigation water and fiber quality index (FQI) were investigated. The results indicated that soil salinity and NO3-N reduced with increasing leaching amount. The N uptake of cotton bolls was greater than in cotton leaves, stems and roots, and total N accumulation increased with increasing leaching amount. The optimal cotton fiber yield and IWP occurred in treatment W3T2, and were 3,199 and 2,771 kg ha-1, and 0.5482 and 0.4912 kg m-3 in 2020 and while there was a negative relationship between fiber micronaire and leaching amount. Soil salinity, NO3-N and fiber micronaire were negatively correlated with fiber quality (i.e., length, strength, elongation and uniformity) and yield, nitrogen uptake of various organs (i.e., root, stems and leaves) and whole plant nitrogen uptake. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that fiber elongation was most sensitive to soil salinity. The method of Entropy-Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (EM-TOPSIS) indicated that leaching of 300 mm of water applied equally at the seedling and budding periods was the optimal treatment to maintain soil salinity and nutrient levels and achieve high cotton fiber yield and quality. In conclusion, the optimal level of leaching treatment decreased soil salinity and improved nitrogen uptake and was beneficial to achieve high fiber yield and quality. Our results will be significant for guiding drip irrigation practice of leaching on saline-alkaline soils for sustainable cotton fiber production.
[学术文献 ] Exploring the Dual Effects of Jasmonic Acid on Cotton Plants and Management of Aphis gossypii Infestations 进入全文
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Cotton serves as the primary source of renewable fiber worldwide, primarily utilized in textile manufacturing. However, the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, represents a significant risk to cotton cultivation. This study investigated the jasmonic acid (JA) effects at 0.25 mg/L on promoting cotton plant growth, enhancing productivity, and mitigating aphid populations. The findings indicated that JA treatment positively impacted important growth parameters i.e. plant height, leaf area, fruiting branches number/plant, plant dry weight and chlorophyll pigments (Chl a, b, total) content, antioxidant enzymes activity (CAT and POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) as well as leaf total phenols content. Moreover, JA led to increased seed cotton yield, average boll weight, lint%, and improved fiber quality i.e. fiber length, strength, micronaire value. Both JA (0.25 mg/L) and acetamiprid (at 0.25 g/L) significantly lowered aphid populations. Ten days after application, acetamiprid resulted in the most significant reductions in aphid populations, with a 99.73% decrease in 2021 and a 99.34% decrease in 2022. Jasmonic acid also contributed to reductions of 81.28 and 76.56% in aphid populations ten days after treatment in the 2021 and 2022 seasons. Therefore, JA can be effectively used at a concentration of 0.25 mg to promote cotton growth and yield while reducing aphid population density in an eco-friendly manner.
[学术文献 ] Effect of cumin intercropping density on cotton growth and system economic benefits under subsurface drip irrigation 进入全文
JOURNAL OF COTTON RESEARCH
BackgroundThe mulch-free subsurface drip irrigation system demonstrated water-saving potential as an alternative to traditional mulch-based drip irrigation while also eliminating residual film pollution at source. However, delayed sowing is unavoidable in mulch-free cultivation in ecological regions with a short frost-free period. Intercropping with cumin, which has a shorter growth period, served as an effective strategy to improve land use efficiency during the early growth stages of cotton. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping cumin at the seeding rate of 2.5 (ID1), 3.85 (ID2), and 5.2 (ID3) kg<middle dot>hm-2 on cotton growth, interspecies competition, fiber quality, and water use efficiency (WUE), as well as system economic benefits under subsurface drip irrigation. Monocropping cotton was used as the control (CK) treatment.ResultsAt the initial flowering (IF) stage (the end of the co-growth period of cotton and cumin), cotton plant height in ID2 and ID3 treatments decreased by 5.93%-16.53% and 10.87%-31.11%, respectively, cotton stem diameter by 11.41%-14.25% and 3.37%-26.49%, respectively, and vegetative biomass by 14.46%-30.65% and 22.59%-49.91%, respectively, compared with CK treatment. With the increase in cumin density, the crop growth rate (CGR) and compensation effect in cotton tended to significantly decrease at the IF stage regardless of organs considered. For the non-co-growth period (after harvesting cumin), cotton reproductive organ biomass in ID2 and ID3 treatments increased by 4.09%-14.61% at the boll opening stage, crop growth rate in reproductive organs by 20.74% and 74.26% from peak boll to boll opening stages compared with CK treatment, due to an enhancement of 19.09% and 49.30% in the compensation effect. Compared with ID1, the aggressivity treated by ID2 and ID3 decreased by 12.82%-46.34% and 17.95%-31.71%, respectively. However, owing to a greater number of green bolls in the upper canopy at the harvest stages in the ID3 treatment, the system production value (closely related to yield) treated by ID2 was 11.69%-16.89%, 6.56%-20.02%, and 16.48%-59.83% greater than that of the ID1, ID3, and CK treatments, respectively. This also led to the highest WUE and net profit under the ID2 treatment.ConclusionIntercropping cumin with medium density improved the cotton biomass accumulation characteristics and increased resources such as land and water utilization efficiency and economic benefits through a stronger compensation effect after harvesting cumin under subsurface drip irrigation without mulch. This study not only provides alternatives to residual film pollution in arid cotton fields but also establishes a sustainable agro-ecological-economic planting paradigm by reducing plastic use and enhancing water and fertilizer use efficiency, holding significant implications for advancing resource-efficient agricultural systems.
[学术文献 ] Heatmap clustering and performance analysis of cotton genotypes in response to environmental conditions 进入全文
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is a crucial cash crop in China, with yield performance influenced by genotype, environmental conditions, and management practices. The aim of this study was to assess the yield performance, biomass accumulation, and growth of nine cotton genotypes in Henan Province during three growing seasons (2017-2019) with different climates. Field experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) at the Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Anyang, China. Plant height, true leaf number, and boll number per plant were among the morphological characteristics that showed the most variance across years and genotypes. Reproductive biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and biomass accumulation followed distinct seasonal trends, with LAI rising during boll formation and flowering. Yield parameters such as seed cotton yield, lint percentage, and boll weight vary by genotype and year, with the highest yields recorded in 2019. According to correlation study, temperature and precipitation had a negative impact on seed cotton production and final biomass, whereas climatic parameters had a favorable correlation with the harvest index. The genotypes were divided into distinct categories according to growth and yield characteristics using heatmap clustering. These findings provide insight into the best cotton genotypes for increased productivity and resilience in a variety of climates, allowing breeders and farmers to make more informed cultivar selections.
