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[学术文献 ] Current insights into plant volatile organic compound biosynthesis 进入全文
Current Opinion in Plant Biology 期刊
Plant-derived volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are essential for various ecological interactions, including plant communication, pollinator attraction, and defense against herbivores. Some VOCs are active ingredients with significant economic and medicinal value. For example, monoterpenoids such as linalool, geraniol, menthol, camphor, borneol, citral, and thymol are well-known for their flavor and aroma. Most monoterpenoids have a strong scent and physiological activity; some compounds, like thymoquinone, have excellent anti-cancer activities, making them important for pharmaceuticals and also beneficial in food and cosmetics. VOCs encompass a diverse range of chemical classes, such as terpenoids, benzenoids/phenylpropanoids, amino acid derivatives, and fatty acid-derived compounds. With the development of genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic techniques, significant progress has been made in the discovery of genes for the biosynthesis of VOCs. Herein, recent advances in the biosynthesis of plant-derived VOCs, focusing on two main classes: benzenoids/phenylpropanoids and monoterpenes, are discussed. It highlights the identification of a peroxisomal enzyme, benzaldehyde synthase, in petunia that elucidates the biosynthetic pathway of benzaldehyde, and a bifunctional enzyme, geranyl/farnesyl diphosphate synthase (RcG/FPPS1), in roses (Rosa chinensis “Old Blush”) that contributes to the production of cytosolic geranyl diphosphate. Current understanding about canonical and non-canonical pathways for monoterpene formation and some approaches that are useful for gene discovery have been discussed. Open questions and future perspectives in this field have also been presented.
[学术文献 ] Plant microbiome responses to bioinoculants and volatiles 进入全文
Environmental Microbiome 期刊
Background: There is an increase in the adoption of biological solutions for plant production as a means of attaining sustainable agriculture. A detailed understanding of the influence of specific bioinoculants and their volatile metabolites on native soil and plant microbiomes can improve future microbiome management practices. Results: Here, we examined the effect of bacterial inoculants and volatile compounds as individual and combined treatments on apple plant and soil microbiome. The study used specially designed microcosms that facilitated the separation of the different plant compartments. A compartment- and soil-specific effect of treatments on the native soil and plant microbiome was observed. The live bacterial inoculants as compared to their volatiles had a stronger effect on the plant and soil microbiome, particularly the root microbial community. The combined effect of bacterial inoculants was higher compared to volatiles (R2 = 5% vs. 3%). Treatment-specific effects were observed, like the influence of 2-butanone on the phyllosphere bacterial diversity, and an increase in fungal richness in Serratia-treated soils. Conclusions: Among the examined treatments, inoculation with bacteria compared to volatile metabolites induced more significant shifts within the plant and soil microbiome. This observation has implications regarding the merits of applying living microorganisms. The findings highlight the potential of microbiome management approaches for enhancing microbiota functions.
[相关专利 ] Elicitores de defensa contra patógenos vegetales 进入全文
西班牙专利
La invención se refiere a los usos y métodos que emplean ácido celobiónico o una sal fitofarmacéuticamente aceptable del mismo como inductor de defensa contra patógenos vegetales. También se proporcionan composiciones fitofarmacéuticas que comprenden ácido celobiónico o una sal fitofarmacéuticamente aceptable del mismo, y sus aplicaciones. En ciertas realizaciones preferidas, las composiciones pueden comprender además otras celodextrinas oxidadas o celodextrinas oxidadas y celodextrinas nativas. En ciertas realizaciones preferidas, las composiciones pueden producirse mediante la descomposición de celulosa por una o más polisacárido monooxigenasas líticas (LPMO).
[统计数据 ] Tea Production Quantity from all over World Countries/Regions in 2023 (FAOSTAT) 进入全文
FAO 网站
根据FAOSTAT，最新统计了2022年度全球47个国家/地区的茶叶总产量（ton），以及全球茶叶总产量总计值，详细数据见表 Tea Production Quantity from all over World Countries/Regions in 2022（FAOSTAT）。
[学术文献 ] Plant Intelligence: An Overview 进入全文
BioScience 期刊
Plant intelligence is inextricably linked with fitness. Barbara McClintock, a plant biologist, posed the notion of the “thoughtful cell” in her Nobel Prize address. The systems structure of a simple nervous system is similar to those of individual cells. The plant root cap, acting holistically in responding to numerous signals, likely possesses a similar systems structure. Intelligent decisions are constantly required to optimize the plant phenotype to a dynamic environment, and the cambium is the assessing tissue controlling branch activity through root resource control. Spontaneity in plant behavior, the ability to count to five, and error correction indicate intention. Volatile organic compounds are used as signals in plant interactions and may be the equivalent of language accounting for self- and alien-recognition. Game theory describes intelligent competitive and cooperative interactions. Profiting from experience requires both learning and memory and is indicated in the priming of herbivory, disease, and abiotic stresses.
[学术文献 ] Intelligence, Cognition, and Language of Green Plants 进入全文
Frontiers In Psychology 期刊
A summary definition of some 70 descriptions of intelligence provides a definition for all other organisms including plants that stresses fitness. Barbara McClintock, a plant biologist, posed the notion of the ‘thoughtful cell’ in her Nobel prize address. The systems structure necessary for a thoughtful cell is revealed by comparison of the interactome and connectome. The plant root cap, a group of some 200 cells that act holistically in responding to numerous signals, likely possesses a similar systems structure agreeing with Darwin’s description of acting like the brain of a lower organism. Intelligent behavior requires assessment of different choices and taking the beneficial one. Decisions are constantly required to optimize the plant phenotype to a dynamic environment and the cambium is the assessing tissue diverting more or removing resources from different shoot and root branches through manipulation of vascular elements. Environmental awareness likely indicates consciousness. Spontaneity in plant behavior, ability to count to five and error correction indicate intention. Volatile organic compounds are used as signals in plant interactions and being complex in composition may be the equivalent of language accounting for self and alien recognition by individual plants. Game theory describes competitive interactions. Interactive and intelligent outcomes emerge from application of various games between plants themselves and interactions with microbes. Behavior profiting from experience, another simple definition of intelligence, requires both learning and memory and is indicated in the priming of herbivory, disease and abiotic stresses.
