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[相关专利 ] Terpene extraction system and method of extracting terpenes from plant biomass 进入全文
西班牙专利
A terpene extraction system and method of extracting terpenes from plant biomass are described. The plant biomass is derived from a cannabis source plant, as one example source plant. A reactor assembly and one or more cold traps can be a part of the system, and can be involved in the method. The reactor assembly has a housing that receives the plant biomass, and has an agitator that moves the plant biomass in the housing, per an example. The cold trap(s) is situated downstream of the reactor assembly. A heater and a vacuum pump can also be part of the terpene extraction system, and can be involved in the method.
[前沿资讯 ] Cocoa or green tea could protect you from the negative effects of fatty foods during mental stress - study 进入全文
EurekAlert 网站
伯明翰大学最近的研究发现，高脂肪食物会对血管功能和大脑的氧气输送产生负面影响，可可和绿茶中富含黄烷醇化合物，饮用黄烷醇含量高的可可和高脂肪食物可以抵消高脂肪食物的一些影响，保护血管系统免受压力。这项研究发表在Food Function (2024,15,11472) 杂志上。该论文的第一作者Rosalind Baynham解释说：黄烷醇是一种化合物，存在于不同的水果、蔬菜、茶和坚果中，包括浆果和未加工的可可。众所周知，黄烷醇对健康有益，尤其是可以调节血压和保护心血管健康。当人们感到压力时，倾向于选择高脂肪食物。在高脂肪食物中添加富含黄烷醇的食物，黄烷醇可以抵消应激环境下消耗脂肪引起的内皮功能下降，但不影响脑氧合。这些发现对于选择富含黄烷醇的饮食来保护血管系统免受压力具有重要意义。
[学术文献 ] Volatiles emitted by Pseudomonas aurantiaca ST-TJ4 trigger systemic plant resistance to Verticillium dahliae 进入全文
Microbiological Research 期刊
Verticillium dahliae is among the most devastating fungal pathogens, causing significant economic harm to agriculture and forestry. To address this problem, researchers have focused on eliciting systemic resistance in host plants through utilizing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by biological control agents. Herein, we meticulously measured the quantity of V. dahliae pathogens in plants via RTqPCR, as well as the levels of defensive enzymes and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins within plants. Finally, the efficacy of VOCs in controlling Verticillium wilt in cotton was evaluated. Following treatment with Pseudomonas aurantiaca ST-TJ4, the expression of specific VdEF1-α genes in cotton decreased significantly. The incidence and disease indices also decreased following VOC treatment. In cotton, the salicylic acid (SA) signal was strongly activated 24 h posttreatment; then, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels increased at 48 h, and peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities increased to varying degrees at different time points. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage in cotton treated with VOCs were lower than those in the control group, and the expression levels of chitinase (CHI) and PR genes (PR10 and PR17), increased at various time points under the ST-TJ4 treatment. The activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) enzymes in cotton treated with VOCs was approximately 1.26 times greater than that in control plants at 24 h，while the contents of phenols and flavonoids increased significantly in the later stage. Additionally, 2-undecanone and 1-nonanol can induce a response in plants that enhances disease resistance. Collectively, these findings strongly suggest that VOCs from ST-TJ4 act as elicitors of plant defence and are valuable natural products for controlling Verticillium wilt.
[学术文献 ] Recent advances in nano-enabled immunomodulation for enhancing plant resilience against phytopathogens 进入全文
Frontiers in Plant Science 期刊
Nano-enabled immunomodulation involves using engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to modulate the innate immune system of plants and enhance their resilience against pathogens. This emerging approach provides unique opportunities through the ability of ENMs to act as nanocarriers for delivering immunomodulatory agents, nanoprobes for monitoring plant immunity, and nanoparticles (NPs) that directly interact with plant cells to trigger immune responses. Recent studies revealed that the application of ENMs as nanoscale agrochemicals can strengthen plant immunity against biotic stress by enhancing systemic resistance pathways, modulating antioxidant defense systems, activating defense-related genetic pathways and reshaping the plant-associated microbiomes. However, key challenges remain in unraveling the complex mechanisms through which ENMs influence plant molecular networks, assessing their long-term environmental impacts, developing biodegradable formulations, and optimizing targeted delivery methods. This review provides a comprehensive investigation of the latest research on nano-enabled immunomodulation strategies, potential mechanisms of action, and highlights future perspectives to overcome existing challenges for sustainable plant disease management.
[学术文献 ] Jasmonic Acid (JA) in Plant Immune Response: Unravelling Complex Molecular Mechanisms and Networking of Defence Signalling Against Pathogens 进入全文
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 期刊
Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derived compound ‘jasmonates’ are a class of potent phytohormones that play pivotal roles in plants’ physio-biochemical processes during growth and development. With the onset of the 21st century, concurrent climate changes all over the world have drastically affected plants’ adaptability and survivability against (a) biotic stressors. Such climatic instabilities trigger a variety of pathogens (mainly fungi, bacteria, and viruses) to create disease pressure by affecting plant health and the immune barrier. JA is crucial for plant immune response through their biosynthetic pathways, involvement in signalling cascades and corresponding cross-talk with other phytohormones like salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET) and abscisic acid (ABA). In this perspective, the endogenous role of JA lies behind the process of cellular central dogma at the molecular level. The genes and gene products, like transcription factors (TFs) associated with JA biosynthesis and signalling, impart some sort of regulation on plant immune response by activating systemic and localized signalling, pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and proteins, phytoalexins, modulating pathogen effectors, and interacting with host proteins. In addition, the external application of JA can also significantly lead to stimulating the immune circuit of plants through gene expression and protein interaction. In this way, JA can boost a plant’s immune system through systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR). This could be an idea to understand the hormonal interplay in plant immune response to various types of pathogens and provide the resistance mechanism against yield and quality losses.
[学术文献 ] Terpenes and Terpenoids in Plants: Interactions with Environment and Insects 进入全文
International Journal of Molecular Sciences 期刊
The interactions of plants with environment and insects are bi-directional and dynamic. Consequently, a myriad of mechanisms has evolved to engage organisms in different types of interactions. These interactions can be mediated by allelochemicals known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which include volatile terpenes (VTs). The emission of VTs provides a way for plants to communicate with the environment, including neighboring plants, beneficiaries (e.g., pollinators, seed dispersers), predators, parasitoids, and herbivores, by sending enticing or deterring signals. Understanding terpenoid distribution, biogenesis, and function provides an opportunity for the design and implementation of effective and efficient environmental calamity and pest management strategies. This review provides an overview of plant–environment and plant–insect interactions in the context of terpenes and terpenoids as important chemical mediators of these abiotic and biotic interactions.
