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[学术文献 ] Plant Volatiles-based Insect Pest Management in Organic Farming 进入全文
Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 期刊
Organic agriculture is increasing in popularity worldwide due to the rapidly growing market for organic products. In organic production, insects present a major pest challenge that negatively impacts crop health and yield. To successfully manage an organic farmland, an effective insect pest management program is key. In this review, we first describe the approaches currently used for pest management in organic farming. Next, we review natural plant defense mechanisms, especially those based on plant volatile organic compounds. Chemically complex, plant volatiles have multiple ecological roles in plant-insect interactions including attracting pollinators, acting as cues for foraging herbivores as well as functioning as direct defense, indirect defense, or interplant priming. Based on the ecological roles of plant volatiles, we then discuss in-depth how pest management may be improved through a variety of strategies including using resistant cultivars, polyculture, using beneficial microorganisms such as mycorrhizal fungi and endophytes, and using plant-derived pesticides, all of which are reviewed in the context of plant volatiles. Lastly, integration of these different strategies based on the trait of plant volatiles for a successful and sustainable pest management program in organic farming is discussed.
[专业会议 ] What Makes World Tea Expo Different from Other Trade Shows? 进入全文
World Tea News 网站
What makes World Tea Expo different from other trade shows? We asked Kevin Gascoyne of Camellia Sinensis, veteran speaker and advisor for the business course program, what sets the tea community apart from other industries and what he thought they were looking for at World Tea Expo. Here's what he had to say. The tea community is a strange one. Our connection to tea happens on many levels. Deep down, the chemistry soothes our nervous system while stimulating our minds. An unspoken feeling of well-being makes us feel that everything is OK. It's a feeling that naturally brings us together with people: calming loved ones in a crisis or the relaxing hospitality of a first meeting. There is also the general acceptance that tea is a powerful tonic for general human health, which outweighs the need for a 'snake-oil’ dialogue on the myriad of benefits that this plant brings to the human organism. On top of this solid foundation of connection to the camellia sinensis plant, our senses are stimulated by the vast diversity of flavor possibilities that this simple, standalone leaf has to offer. From the comfort of a simple cuppa to the expansive and complex flavor profiles of a gong fu sit-down session to a spectrum of possibilities in between, drinking this dried plant infused with water can completely seduce our senses.
[学术文献 ] Yield, composition and toxicity of piperaceae volatiles to pest insects 进入全文
Revista Caatinga 期刊
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of leaf drying techniques (bench and oven at 35 and 45 °C) on the essential oil (EO) yield of Piper aduncum L., Piper anonifolium Kunth, Piper crassinervium Kunth and Piper hispidinervum C. DC., and to analyze the chemical profile of EOs and the insecticidal potential of these oils against Ascia monuste orseis (Godart), Atta sexdens L., Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. EO yield was evaluated using four replicates of 100g of dry leaves. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and subjected to GC-MS analysis to assess the chemical composition. Concentrations of 2.60 and 157.25 nL/cm2 were used in the oil toxicity bioassays. EO yield was higher in the species P. aduncum and P. hispidinervum using leaves dried in oven at 45 °C, with average yields of 4.72±0.04% and 2.61±0.26%, respectively. The major constituents present in the EOs of P. hispidinervum and P. aduncum were Safrole (98.80%) and Apiole (90.00%). For P. anonifolium, the major constituents were α-Muurolene (23.11%), y-Muurolene (16.60%) and Cadina-1(10), while for P. crassinervium, they were Viridiflorol (27.70%) and Sabinene (15.50%). It was found that the EOs of P. aduncum, P. anonifolium, P. crassinervium and P. hispidinervum had a toxic effect on insects, except for P. anonifolium and P. crassinervium for S. zeamais. EO yield was higher in the species P. aduncum and P. hispidinervum, and these oils caused a higher mortality rate for the investigated insects.
[统计数据 ] Tea Import Quantity from Five Continents in 2020-2022（FAOSTAT） 进入全文
FAO 网站
根据FAOSTAT，最新统计了2020-2022年度五大洲和世界茶叶进口数量（tonnes），以及三年茶叶进口数量总值，详细数据见表 Tea Import Quantity from Five Continents in 2020-2022（FAOSTAT）。
[学术文献 ] Botanic Signal Monitor: Advanced Wearable Sensor for Plant Health Analysis 进入全文
Advanced Functional Materials 期刊
Recently, the decline in plant species, loss of crop yields, and reduced efficacy of herbal medicines due to environmental issues and biotic stresses have garnered significant attention. Developing smart devices for plant health monitoring is essential for early intervention, timely adjustment of the growing environment to combat environmental and pest stresses, and to promote robust plant growth, biodiversity, ecological balance, and sustainable agriculture. Flexible wearable sensors with the advantages of superior shape adaptation, excellent biocompatibility, and high integration have emerged as one of the most promising avenues for plant health monitoring. Here, recent advances in flexible wearable sensors based on monitoring different types of plant signals are summarized. The discussion focuses on the constituent materials, fabrication methods, and sensing mechanisms of each type of wearable sensor. In addition, the challenges and potential strategies are summarized for plant sensing development, including energy supply, materials and preparation, signal transmission, and data analysis.
[学术文献 ] Intercropping with aromatic plants enhances natural enemy communities facilitating pest suppression in tea plantations 进入全文
Arthropod-Plant Interactions 期刊
Habitat management have received considerable attention in agricultural systems for the promotion of successful pest management. The intercropping of aromatic plants in plantation crops can result in reduced pest abundance as a repellent directly and/or increasing natural enemy abundance thereby reducing pest abundance indirectly. To promote the management of pests in tea plantations, we intercropped three aromatic plants, Tagetes patula (L.) (Asteraceae), Tagetes erecta (L.) (Asteraceae), and Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton (Lamiaceae) to assess their impact on the dynamics of species abundance, richness, and diversity of arthropod pests and their natural enemies over 2 years. Results showed that aromatic plants decreased the abundance of pest, with concomitant increases in predator (especially spiders and ladybirds) and parasitoid (Ichneumonidae spp.) abundance, creating a stable low abundance of pests in tea plantations. The ratio of natural enemies to pests in fields intercropped with T. erecta was fourfold to sevenfold higher than observed in naturally tilled plots. Aromatic plants also had a significant positive effect on species richness and evenness of natural enemies. The T. patula and T. erecta intercropped treatments showed significantly higher pest evenness and higher natural enemy diversity than that in clean tillage. Our study indicated that biocontrol via habitat management with intercropping aromatic plants could become a recommended practice for pest management in tea plantations.
