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[前沿资讯 ] Tea Board India Announces Development & Promotion Schemes 进入全文
World Tea News 网站
The Tea Board India has announced a Rs 664.09 core project in order to support the stakeholders with a focus on increasing domestic consumption, better price realization, and exports by adopting a field-to-cups approach. Tea Board India was formed on April 1, 1954, with an intention to provide: control by the union of the tea industry; control of international trade agreements; control of the cultivation of tea in India; control of export of tea from India; and to levy excise on tea. Overall, the goal of Tea Board India is to make India the leading producer and supplier of quality tea in the global market. Today, Tea Board India also focuses on: developing effective management strategies for innovation in tea plantations; processing technology for producing good quality teas; the augmentation of high value tea exports; capacity building for human resources at all levels in the tea Industry; and strengthening of R&D efforts on all aspects of tea husbandry and technology.
[学术文献 ] Comparison of Combined Dissipation Behaviors and Dietary Risk Assessments of Thiamethoxam, Bifenthrin, Dinotefuran, and Their Mixtures in Tea 进入全文
Foods 期刊
In the tea-planting process, insecticides are commonly combined, potentially prolonging the pre-harvest interval and heightening the risk of dietary exposure. This study focused on three frequently used insecticides in tea cultivation: thiamethoxam, bifenthrin, and dinotefuran, aiming to investigate their dissipation behaviors and associated dietary risks upon individual and simultaneous application. The dissipation kinetics of thiamethoxam, bifenthrin, and dinotefuran were successfully characterized by first-order kinetics, yielding respective half-lives of 5.44, 9.81, and 10.16 days. Upon joint application, the dissipation half-lives of thiamethoxam and bifenthrin were notably prolonged compared with their individual applications, resulting in final concentrations after 28 days that were correspondingly elevated by 1.41 and 1.29 times. Assessment of the dietary intake risk revealed that the chronic and acute risk quotients associated with thiamethoxam and bifenthrin escalated by 1.44–1.59 times following their combined application. Although dietary risks associated with Tianmuhu white tea, as determined by the exposure assessment model, were deemed acceptable, the cumulative risks stemming from pesticide mixtures across various dietary sources warrant attention. Molecular docking analyses further unveiled that thiamethoxam and bifenthrin competitively bound to glutathione S-transferase (GST) at amino acid residues, notably at the 76th GLU and the 25th PHE, pivotal in the metabolism and absorption of exogenous substances. Moreover, the interactions between P-glycoprotein and pesticides during transport and absorption were likely to influence dissipation behaviors post-joint application. This research offers valuable insights and data support for optimizing joint pesticide application strategies and assessing risks associated with typical pesticides used in tea cultivation.
[学术文献 ] Evaluating the Potential of Bacillus Isolates for Chlorpyrifos Degradation and Their Role in Tea Growth Promotion and Suppression of Pathogens 进入全文
Current Microbiology 期刊
The study is mainly focused on degradation of CPs; using viz. Bacillus wiedmannii A3 and Bacillus cereus P14 isolated from tea rhizosphere soil having pesticide contamination in Sonitpur district, Assam, India. These two bacterial strains were able to degrade CPs in vitro within 3 days. Reverse-phase HPLC analysis suggested about 96% reduction of CPs concentration upon bacterial treatment. Again, in case of A3, GC-MS analysis revealed that CPs was modified to 2-hydroxy-3,5,6-trichloropyridine and chlorpyrifos-oxon, thus finally metabolized into non-toxic products. While analyzing P14, silane, dimethyl (2,2,2-trichloroethoxy) propoxy, and 3-aminobenzoic acid, N-trimethylsilyl-, trimethylsilyl ester were identified. These compounds were subsequently transformed into non-toxic products. In addition to this, they demonstrated a significant boost of plant growth-promoting traits in both absence and presence of CPs; also showed growth development in nursery scale condition. Moreover, they functioned as biocontrol agents against Phellinus lamaensis and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, responsible for brown root rot and anthracnose in North East India tea plantations, respectively. Thus, the pesticide-tolerant Bacilli strains A3 and P14 could be used as bioremediation of contaminated sites and also as biostimulants, and biocontrols in tea crop production.
[学术文献 ] Biocontrol agents and their potential use as nano biopesticides to control the tea red spider mite (Oligonychus coffeae): A comprehensive review 进入全文
Heliyon 期刊
Tea red spider mite (TRSM), Oligonychus coffeae Nietner, is one of the major pests that cause considerable crop losses in all tea-growing countries. TRSM management often involves the use of multiple chemical pesticides that are linked to human health risks and environmental pollution. Considering these critical issues, employing biocontrol agents is a potential green approach that may replace synthetic pesticides. This review study aims to discuss the efficacy of plant extracts, entomopathogenic microorganisms, and predators in controlling TRSM. This study includes 44 botanical extracts, 14 microbial species, and 8 potential predators used to control TRSM, along with their respective modes of action. Most of the botanical extracts have ovicidal, adulticidal, and larvicidal activity, ranging from 80 to 100 %, attributed to bioactive compounds such as phenols, alcohols, alkaloids, tannins, and other secondary metabolites. Among microbial pesticides, Purpureocillium lilacinum, Metarhizium robertsii, Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pseudomonas putida are highly effective against TRSM without causing any harm to the nontarget beneficial insects. Besides, some predators, including green lacewings, ladybirds, and phytoseiid mites have the potential to control TRSM. Employing these biocontrol agents simultaneously in tea plantations could be more effective in preventing TRSM. Nevertheless, their high biodegradability rate, uneven distribution, and uncontrolled release pose challenges for large-scale field applications. This study also explores how nanotechnology can enhance sustainability by addressing the limitations of biopesticides in field conditions. This review study could contribute to the search for potential biocontrol agents and the development of commercial nano biopesticides to control TRSM.
[学术文献 ] Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) from Weeds through Weed-Soil-Tea Transfer and Risk Assessment of Tea Intake 进入全文
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 期刊
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have been detected in tea and can threaten human health. However, the specific source of PAs in tea is still unclear. Here, 88 dried tea products collected from six major tea-producing areas in Anhui Province, China, were analyzed. The detection frequency was 76%. The content of total PAs in dried tea was between 1.1 and 90.5 μg/kg, which was all below the MRL recommended by the European Union (150 μg/kg). In the Shexian tea garden, PAs in the weeds and weed rhizospheric soil around tea plants and the fresh tea leaves were analyzed. Intermedine (Im), intermedine-N-oxide (ImNO), and jacobine-N-oxide (JbNO) were transferred through the weed-to-soil-to-tea route into the fresh tea leaves; only Im and ImNO were detected in dried tea samples. Potential risk of the total PAs in the tea infusion was assessed according to the margin of exposure method, and it might be a low concern for public health.
[相关专利 ] 一株源自昆虫的高效降解联苯菊酯的谷氨酸杆菌新种 进入全文
中国专利
本发明公开了一株源自昆虫的高效降解联苯菊酯的谷氨酸杆菌新种，属于微生物菌种领域。本发明的谷氨酸杆菌CCTCCNO : M20221445，筛选自抗性品系灰茶尺蠖幼虫肠道中，具有独特的基因组特征、生长和表型特征、生理生化特征、联苯菊酯的利用和降解特征；特别地，能够高效降解联苯菊酯。基于表型特征、生理生化、化学组分、分子生物学的多相分类鉴定，确定谷氨酸杆菌CCTCCNO : M20221445为新种，已于2022年9月16日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心；该菌具有高效降解农药联苯菊酯的能力，可为灰茶尺蠖的生物防治奠定基础，为解决农残问题提供新的菌株资源。
