Disclosed are a self-assembled drug-loading system containing a hydrophilic phototherapeutic drug and a hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drug, a preparation method therefor and the use thereof for preparing an anti-tumor drug. The self-assembled drug-loading system is a water-soluble complex or water-dispersible nanoparticles formed by means of π-π interaction or hydrophobic interaction between the phototherapeutic drug and the chemotherapeutic drug, wherein the molar ratio of the phototherapeutic drug to the chemotherapeutic drug is 2:1 to 1:10.
