The present invention relates to a composition for the prophylaxis or treatment of inflammatory diseases containing phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside as an active ingredient, and more particularly to a composition for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases, LPS-induced NO production, iNOS gene and iNOS protein expression were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of copyranoside, and expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was inhibited by phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside Dose-dependently. In addition, it was confirmed that phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside inhibits Ninj1 expression and MMP activity, inhibits cell-substrate adhesion activity and inhibits NF-κB signaling, The composition containing D-glucopyranoside as an active ingredient can be used as a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of inflammatory diseases and a health food composition for improvement.본 발명은 페닐-β-D-글루코피라노사이드(Phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)를 유효성분으로 함유하는 염증성 질환 예방 또는 치료용 조성물에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 페닐-β-D-글루코피라노사이드의 용량의존적으로 LPS에 의해 유도되는 NO 생성, iNOS 유전자 및 iNOS 단백질 발현이 억제되었으며, 염증성 사이토카인(cytokines) 및 케모카인(chemokines)의 발현이 페닐-β-D-글루코피라노사이드의 용량의존적으로 감소되었다. 또한, 페닐-β-D-글루코피라노사이드는 Ninj1 발현 및 MMP 활성을 감소시켜 세포와 기질간 접착 활성이 억제하고 NF-κB 신호과정을 억제시키는 것이 확인됨에 따라, 본 발명의 페닐-β-D-글루코피라노사이드를 유효성분으로 함유하는 조성물은 염증성 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물 및 개선용 건강식품조성물로 사용될 수 있다.