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[学术文献 ] Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of kenaf cytoplasmic male sterile line and its maintainer line 进入全文
Nature
Kenaf is a great source of bast fiber and possesses significantly industrial interests. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the basis of heterosis utilization in kenaf. Chloroplast, an important organelle for photosynthesis, could be associated with CMS. To understand the phylogenetic position and molecular basis of kenaf CMS from the perspective of chloroplast, the chloroplast (cp) genomes of the CMS line P3A and its maintainer line P3B were characterized and their comparative analysis was also performed. In this study, the chloroplast genomes of P3B and P3A were sequenced with 163,597 bp and 163,360 bp in length, respectively.A total of 131 genes including 85 protein coding genes (PCGs), 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosome RNA (rRNA) genes were annotated in P3B, while 132 genes containing 83 PCGs, 41 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes were found in P3A. The phylogenetic tree revealed that kenaf was closely related to Hibiscus syriacus and Abelmoschus esculentus. Further analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion and deletion (InDel) showed that compared with P3B, a total of 22 SNPs and 53 InDels were detected in gene coding region, gene intron, and intergenic regions of P3A. Remarkably, a total of 9 SNPs including 6 synonymous SNPs and 3 nonsynonymous SNPs were found in psbK, atpA, rpoC2, atpB, rpl20, clpP, rpoA, and ycf1. The present study provided basic information for further study of kenaf CMS mechsnism.
[学术文献 ] Insights into genomic structure and evolutionary processes of coastal Suaeda species in East Asia using cpDNA, nDNA, and genome-wide SNPs 进入全文
Nature
Species in the genus Suaeda have few diagnostic characters and substantial morphological plasticity. Hence, regional foras do not provide clear taxonomic information for Suaeda spp. in East Asia. In order to assess the taxonomy of four species in the genus Suaeda (S. australis, S. maritima, S.japonica, and S. heteroptera), cpDNA (rpl32-trnL and trnH-psbA), nDNA (ITS), and MIG-seq analyses were carried out. Genome-wide SNP results indicated three lineages: (1) S. australis in Korea and S. maritima in Japan, (2) S. maritima in Korea and S. heteroptera in China, and (3) S. japionica. In phylogenetic trees and genotype analyses, cpDNA and nDNA results showed discrepancies, while S. japonica and S. maritima in Korea, and S. heteroptera in China shared the same haplotype and ribotype. We suggest that the shared haplotype may be due to chloroplast capture. Based on our results, we assume that S. japonica was formed by homoploid hybrid speciation between the two lineages.
[相关专利 ] 一种白菜或青花菜CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑体系基因编辑效率的鉴定方法 进入全文
佰腾网
本发明公开了一种白菜或青花菜CRISPR?Cas9基因编辑体系基因编辑效率的鉴定方法。该方法包含以下步骤:(1)利用聚乙烯亚胺修饰的碳纳米管介导的叶片瞬时转化法将CRISPR?Cas9基因编辑载体转化白菜或青花菜叶片；(2)注射后的第三天观察叶片GFP荧光蛋白的表达情况,提取有GFP荧光表达的叶片部位的基因组DNA，扩增编辑位点附近的序列测序验证编辑位点附近是否发生基因编辑,从而鉴定CRISPR?Cas9基因编辑体系的基因编辑效率。本方法解决了白菜和青花菜难以通过农杆菌侵染实现瞬时转化的问题，本发明简单有效地实现了白菜和青花菜的基因编辑，具有实验周期短，转化效率高的优点。
[相关专利 ] 发根农杆菌介导南瓜根系转化方法及基因编辑方法 进入全文
佰腾网
本发明涉及一种发根农杆菌介导南瓜根系转化方法及基因编辑方法,通过特定工艺步骤首次实现利用发根农杆菌介导南瓜根系转化,并实现对转化根系的基因编辑,便于促进对南瓜进行分子生物学和基因功能研究。
[学术文献 ] Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel genes and pathways for salt stress responses in Suaeda salsa leaves 进入全文
Nature
Salinity is a critical abiotic stress, which significantly impacts the agricultural yield worldwide. Identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the salt tolerance in euhalophyte Suaeda salsa is conducive to the development of salt-resistant crops. In the present study, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed after S. salsa leaves were exposed to 300 mM NaCl for 7 days, and 7,753 unigenes were identified as differently expressed genes (DEGs) in S. salsa, including 3,638 increased and 4,115 decreased unigenes. Moreover, hundreds of pathways were predicted to participate in salt stress response in S. salsa by Gene Ontology (GO), MapMan and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, including ion transport and sequestration as well as photoprotection of photosystem (PS) II. The GO enrichment analysis indicated that genes related to ion transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and transcriptional factors were highly expressed upon NaCl treatment. The excessive Na+ and Cl− ions were supposed to be absorbed into the vacuole for ion sequestration and balance adjustment by potassium transporters (such as KEA3) with high expressions. Moreover, we predicted that mutiple candidate genes associated with photosynthesis (such as PSB33 and ABA4), ROS (such as TAU9 and PHI8) and transcriptional regulation (HB-7 and MYB78) pathways could mitigate salt stress-caused damage in S. salsa.
[学术文献 ] A putative bHLH transcription factor is a candidate gene for male sterile 32, a locus affecting pollen and tapetum development in tomato 进入全文
nature
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) male sterile 32 (ms32) mutant has been used in hybrid seed breeding programs largely because it produces no pollen and has exserted stigmas. In this study, histological examination of anthers revealed dysfunctional pollen and tapetum development in the ms32 mutant. The ms32 locus was fine mapped to a 28.5 kb interval that encoded four putative genes. Solyc01g081100, a homolog of Arabidopsis bHLH10/89/90 and rice EAT1, was proposed to be the candidate gene of MS32 because it contained a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that led to the formation of a premature stop codon. A codominant derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) marker, MS32D, was developed based on the SNP. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR showed that most of the genes, which were proposed to be involved in pollen and tapetum development in tomato, were down regulated in the ms32 mutant. These findings may aid in marker-assisted selection of ms32 in hybrid breeding programs and facilitate studies on the regulatory mechanisms of pollen and tapetum development in tomato.
