Provided herein is a chimeric photoactivatable polypeptide comprising an opsin membrane receptor, wherein an intracellular domain of the opsin membrane receptor is replaced with a corresponding intracellular domain of a chemokine receptor, a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor or an ATP receptor and uses thereof. Further provided are methods of treating cancer, injury of the nervous system, autoimmune disease, and graft rejection comprising administering to the subject a cell that expresses the chimeric photoactivatable polypeptide and exposing the cell to a visible light source.
