The present invention is directed to compositions, products and methods useful for bone and tooth mineralization. The compositions comprise polymer microcapsules containing aqueous salt solutions. The shells of the microcapsules can be semi-permeable or impermeable. Solutions of calcium, fluoride and phosphate salts are particularly useful in the compositions of the invention. The microcapsules are preferably prepared by surfactant free inverse emulsion interfacial polymerization. Bone products include cements, scaffolds and bioactive glass. Dental products include pastes, gels, rinses and many other dental materials.