An imaging apparatus, an imaging method, methods, and image processing apparatuses. There is provided an imaging apparatus including: a light separation unit configured to separate coherent light into object light and reference light, wherein the object light irradiates an object； an optical element configured to cause interference between: scattered light emitted from a region irradiated by the object light and the reference light； an imaging unit configured to image a plurality of interference fringes having different phase differences between the object light and the reference light； and an image formation unit configured to form, from a plurality of images of the plurality of interference fringes, a three dimensional image including a speckle component comprising a random interference or diffraction pattern.
