The invention relates to a method for controlling the planting of olive trees for the continuous mechanical harvesting of the olives using harvesting machines, characterized by the following steps: planting parallel rows of olive tree saplings (Jo) with a spacing between the tree trunks (TR) and a spacing between the rows (R1, R2, R3); placing trellising (stakes (P) and wires (F)) on each row; placing divergent supports (T1, T2) for each tree; attaching two divergent branches (CH1, CH2) of each tree, which are arranged in a single vertical plane and in the vertical plane of the row to which said tree belongs, onto a pair of supports; removing other branches of said tree; adapting the shape of the foliage (AF) of the trees so as to impart a configuration flattened in alignment with the rows thereto; maintaining said configuration by periodically pruning the trees until the latter reach maturity and bear fruit; and removing the supports and the trellising when the trees are fully grown.
