Head-mounted displays (100) are disclosed which include a frame (107), an image display system (110) supported by the frame (107), and a reflective surface, e.g., a free-space, ultra-wide angle, reflective optical surface (a FS/UWA/RO surface) (120), supported by the frame (107). In certain embodiments, the reflective surface (120) produces spatially-separated virtual images that are angularly separated by at least 100, 150, or 200 degrees. Methods and apparatus for designing reflective optical surfaces, including FS/UWA/RO surfaces, for use in head-mounted displays (100) are also disclosed.
