The invention concerns active substances modulating the expression of the receptors of the products of the POMC gene (MC-1R, MC-2R, and the µ opioid receptor), and possibly modulating the expression of POMC in cutaneous cells, notably to modulate the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells in order to re-epithelial, maintain innervation, irrigate the skin, or restore normal pigmentation, or to fight against aging, or to modulate pigmentation independently or not of cutaneous aging. The invention also concerns a method of screening such active substances.