Provided are a sterilization tray and a moist heat sterilization method, with which a resin container can be satisfactorily sterilized by means of steam or hot water and deformation of the resin container can be prevented. A sterilization tray (20) is composed of a tray body (22) and a pressing member (24) capable of moving in a direction perpendicular to the tray body (22). The bottom of the tray body (22) is formed from a perforated plate through which high pressure steam or hot water passes at the time of moist heat sterilization, and a frame (24a) of the pressing member (24) is formed from a porous member through which steam or hot water passes. When plural sterilization trays (20) are stacked in a state in which a resin container (multi-chamber container) 1 is placed on the sterilization tray (20), the peripheral edge of an empty chamber part (1b) of the resin container (1) is pressed by the pressing member (24) of the sterilization tray (20) stacked above, and deformation of the resin container (1) during the moist heat sterilization can be prevented.
