PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases is provided to ensure antioxidation, to suppress lipid peroxidation and acetylcholine esterase, to effectively protect neuronal cells, and to prevent or treat neurodegenerative diseases. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases contains a blueberry leaf extract or a fraction thereof as an active ingredient. The extract is prepared using water, C1-C4 alcohol, or a mixture thereof. The fraction is prepared by the steps of: extracting blueberry leaves with water, C1-C4 alcohols, or a mixture thereof to obtain a blueberry leaf extract； and fractioning the extract with water, C1-C4 alcohols, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, or a mixture. [Reference numerals] (AA) 50g of blueberry leaves + 500mL of 80% ethanol； (BB) Extract and filter； (CC) Concentrated the filtered liquid； (DD) Adding 300mL of distilled water and ethyl acetate； (EE) Fraction using a separatory funnel (repeat three times)； (FF) Collect an ethyl acetate layer； (GG) Add anhydrous sodium sulfate (remove moisture)； (HH) Concentrate and freeze-drying by a rotary vacuum concentrator； (II) Use as a food ingredient for protecting cranial nerves본 발명은 활성성분으로서 블루베리 잎 추출물 또는 이의 분획물을 포함하는 퇴행성 뇌신경질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물에 관한 것으로, 본 발명에 따른 조성물은 항산화 작용, 지질과산화 억제작용, 아세틸콜린에스터라아제 저해작용이 우수하여 뇌신경세포를 효과적으로 보호하며, 알츠하이머 유도 동물모델에서 인지, 학습능력에 뛰어난 회복효과를 가지므로 퇴행성 뇌신경질환의 예방 또는 치료에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.
