In a first aspect, the present invention relates to new recombinant artificial polypeptides allowing cytoplasmic signaling in cells containing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a recombinant polypeptide containing a domain with a first binding partner selected from an artificial ligand and a receptor binding an artificial ligand, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic signaling domain whereby the domain with the binding partner and the cytoplasmic signaling domain are a combination of domains not naturally occurring in an organism. In a further aspect, a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the polypeptide according to the present invention as well as a vector, cell, cell line or host cell containing said vector are provided. In addition, the present invention relates to the use of the recombinant polypeptide according to the present invention in treating cancer or autoimmune disease or allowing immune modulation of a subject as well as for use to change the status of cells when applying the specific second binding partner of the first binding partner present in the recombinant polypeptide according to the present invention.
