This inventive thickener or gellant for oil materials is characterized by comprising (A) an high molecular weight organopolysiloxane that has a polyglycerol structure-containing hydrophilic group Q and that is represented by the following structural formula (1): R3-q(R11)qSi-O-(SiR112-O)n1-(SiR11Q-O)n2-(SiR11L-O)n3-Si(R)11)qR3-q wherein R11 is a monovalent hydrocarbyl group or a hydrogen atom; L is a chain organosiloxane group, n1, n2, and n3 are numbers in the ranges 200@n1@1000, 0@n2@20, and 0@n3@50; R is a group selected from L and Q; q is an integer in the range from 0 to 3; wherein when n2=0, q is an integer in the range from 1 to 3 and at least one R is Q. The thickener or gellant exhibits an excellent compatibility with a variety of oil systems.