The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising Anethum graveolens leaves or one or more Anethum graveolens leaf components, substances, fractions or mixtures or substances obtained there from. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of Anethum graveolens leaf powder or one or more Anethum graveolens components, substances, fractions or mixtures or substances obtained there from for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing, alleviating or treating neurological diseases.