The invention relates to a cosmetic composition comprising:—one or more anionic surfactants of carboxylate type, chosen from the compounds of formula (I), in a content of greater than or equal to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and—one or more anionic surfactants of (C8-C22) acylisethionate type, in a content ranging from 2.5% to 8% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. This composition is intended for the cosmetic treatment of keratin materials, and in particular for washing the hair. It has excellent foaming power.