According to one aspect, the invention relates to an optical security component intended for being observed under direct reflection. The component comprises a structure engraved on a layer of a material having a refraction index n2, a thin layer of a dielectric material having a refraction index n1 other than n2, deposited on the structure, and a layer of a material having a refraction index n0 other than n1, encapsulating the coated structure of the thin layer. The structure has a first pattern modulated by a second pattern such that, in at least one first region (61, 86), the first pattern comprises a low-relief with a first set of facets, the shapes of which are determined such as to generate at least one first concave or convex cylindrical reflective element, and the second pattern forms a first subwavelength grating acting, after depositing the thin layer and encapsulating the structure, as a first wavelength-subtractive filter; in at least one second region (62, 86), the first pattern comprises a low-re
