The present invention provides a pulsed Doppler ultra-high spectral resolution imaging processing method and processing system. The method includes: acquiring IQ signals corresponding to N sampling points respectively on each scan line in a fast time direction, performing wall filtering processing to form an IQ signal wall filtering sequence corresponding to each scan line performing FFT on each sampling point in the IQ signal wall filtering sequence in a slow time direction and the fast time direction, respectively, to obtain an energy distribution matrix of each sampling point at different frequency shifts acquiring a velocity distribution matrix matching the energy distribution matrix and retrieving a velocity sequence for display, querying the velocity distribution matrix and the energy distribution matrix matching the velocity matrix according to the velocity sequence, and acquiring an energy sequence corresponding to the velocity sequence for displaying a final spectrum. In the present invention, when a transmit signal bandwidth is wider or a scatterer velocity is faster, the velocity resolution is greatly guaranteed, and the velocity spectrum resolution is greatly improved.
