PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biomass resource treatment method which can improve dehydration efficiency of a hardly dehydratable methane fermentation residue to efficiently dehydrate it, and enables reduction of treatment cost, and its treatment equipment. SOLUTION: The biomass resource treatment method where an organic waste 1 is subjected to hydrogen fermentation, a hydrogen fermentation residue 4 generated by the hydrogen fermentation is subjected to methane fermentation, and a methane fermentation residue 7 generated by the methane fermentation is dehydrated, has a process for treating the methane fermentation residue 7 by a freezing and thawing method before the dehydration treatment. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI