A sampling and gas chromatographic separation detection system and method which is capable of sampling and analyzing particulate and vapors containing drug and explosive residues in real time. The system and method provide high speed and low power consumption from the combination of a cold ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) with a "heat-on-demand" gas chromatographic (GC) system which eliminates the need to continuously heat the device, thus making the detection system battery operable and portable.