The present invention provides methods for treating depression such as major depressive disorder (MDD) in an individual. The invention further provides methods for determining if an individual suffering from depression is likely to respond favorably or experience an enhanced treatment effect in response to treatment with vortioxetine. The present invention also provides methods for treating cognitive impairment in an individual, optionally wherein the individual also suffers from depression and/or MDD. The invention further provides methods for determining if an individual suffering from cognitive impairment is likely to respond favorably or experience an enhanced treatment effect in response to treatment with vortioxetine. The methods comprise determining the presence of polymorphisms in the collagen, type XXVI, alpha 1 (COL26A1) gene and/or the calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit (CACNA1C) gene and/or the CUB and Sushi Multiple Domains 1 (CSMD1) gene and/or the Zinc Finger Protein 494 (ZSCAN4) gene and/or the Zinc Finger Protein 551 (ZNF551) gene and/or the dymeclin (DYM) gene and/or the LINC00348 gene and/or the FOXLZNB gene and/or intergenic regions in the individual.本發明提供一種治療個體之憂鬱症(如:重度憂鬱症(MDD))之方法。本發明進一步提供一種測定罹患憂鬱症之個體是否可能對沃替西汀(vortioxetine)之治療產生有利反應或體驗加強之治療效應之方法。本發明亦提供一種治療個體之認知力減損之方法,其中該個體視情況亦可能罹患憂鬱症與/或MDD。本發明進一步提供一種測定罹患認知力減損之個體是否可能對沃替西汀之治療產生有利反應或體驗加強之治療效應之方法。該等方法包括測定該個體中以下各者之多形性之存在:XXVI型膠原,α 1(COL26A1)基因與/或電壓依賴型鈣通道,L型,α 1C亞單位(CACNA1C)基因與/或CUB與Sushi多重功能域1(CSMD1)基因與/或鋅指蛋白質494(ZSCAN4)基因與/或鋅指蛋白質551(ZNF551)基因與/或迪格弗-梅爾基奧爾-克勞森症候群蛋白質(DYM)基因與/或LINC00348基因與/或FOXL2NB基因與/或基因間區段。由於本案的圖皆為實驗數據,並非本案的代表圖。故本案無指定代表圖。
