A patient evacuation sled has a bottom plastic sheet and a foam layer disposed thereabove. At least one spinal board is disposed between the bottom sheet and the foam layer, and a patient support plastic sheet is disposed above the foam layer. The bottom sheet, the foam layer, and the patient support sheet form a sandwiched portion configured to underlie a patient； peripheral edge portions of the bottom sheet and the patient support sheet are coupled together with substantially no foam layer therebetween. Plural horizontal straps are disposed substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sled, and are coupled to the peripheral edge portions, and configured to, when tightened, at least partially enclose said patient in a cylindrically shaped cocoon. Plural wheel assemblies are coupled to each spinal board, at least a portion of each wheel assembly extends through corresponding holes in the bottom sheet.
