Portable fundus cameras and portable fundus camera modules are disclosed. In one embodiment, a portable fundus camera module comprises a housing having a first aperture and a second aperture formed therethrough, and a plurality of optical components disposed within the housing. The plurality of optical components are arranged to direct light generated by a light source through the first aperture via a first optical channel and to a retina of a patient when the retina is located adjacent to the first aperture direct reflected light from the retina into the housing through the first aperture and to a light detector via a second optical channel when the fundus camera module is mechanically coupled to a mobile device.
