An elastic glove air-tightness testing and rapid donning device with a sterilization function, comprising two sterilization chambers (1) internally provided with a sterilization device, one side of the sterilization chamber (1) being provided with a through hole (15) of a sleeve securing ring (3) for installing an elastic glove (2) a finger sheath section of the glove (2) is positioned within the sterilization chamber (1) and a sleeve end of the glove is secured, by means of the securing ring (3), onto the sterilization chamber (1), a controlled action of the device is used to achieve rapid donning of the glove (2) two sides at a bottom portion of the sterilization chamber (1) are provided with gas pipeline connections (17) connecting to a bidirectional gas pump (5) serving as a source of gas, and other installed components comprising a low-powered ozone generator plate (6) used as a sterilization device and a pressure detection switch (7) for measuring an internal pressure of the sterilization chamber (1) and for controlling a ring closing action and a gas pipeline (4) provided with a solenoid valve (8), a flow control valve (9), a check valve (10), and a sterilization filter (11), the pipeline is connected to the sterilization chamber (1) and the gas pump (5). A user steps on an external foot pedal switch (14) to generate a negative pressure, a stabilizing pressure, and a positive pressure in the sterilization chamber (1). When the user completely dons the glove (2), the glove shrinks and automatically detaches from the sleeve securing ring (3) on to the hands of the user.