Described herein is a device including a nanotube disposed within a support material. The nanotube has one or more sidewall electrodes, two nanomembranes, and an enzyme. One of the nanomembrane is in direct contact with at least a portion of one sidewall electrode. The other nanomembrane form a nanochannel, nanopore, or a combination thereof, and can alter one or more of a molecular composition, a dimension, or a property thereof in response to electrical stimuli.
