Provided herein are methods for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), such as ARDS associated with respiratory virus infection, involving administering an inhibitor of the contact activation pathway. Also provided herein are methods for treating pneumonia and methods for reducing and/or preventing thrombosis associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in a subject having acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), involving administering an inhibitor of the contact activation pathway.
