The present disclosure provides vaccine compositions and methods for inducing a systemic immune response and a mucosal immune response, wherein the vaccine compositions comprise an antigen and a hepatitis B core virus-like particle (HBc VLP) as adjuvant. The vaccine compositions are suitable for administration to the mucosa surface of subject, and are effective in eliciting a protective immune response against infection.本揭露提供疫苗組成物以及誘導系統性免疫反應和黏膜免疫反應的方法,其中,該疫苗組成物包含抗原和作為佐劑的類B肝核心病毒顆粒(HBc VLP)。該疫苗組成物適用於給藥至受試者的黏膜表面,且在引起對抗感染的保護性免疫反應中有效。