The multi-scale scanning imaging system (200) of the retina comprises according to an example a lighting and detection module (210) configured for emitting a lighting beam and for detecting a beam reemitted by the retina, a first scanning module (231) of the lighting beam and the reemitted beam, a first optical path, referred to as a “wide field” path, and a second optical path, referred to as a “small field” path, for focusing the lighting beam on the retina and for receiving the beam reemitted by the retina. The “wide field” path comprises a first optical system (205, 201) configured to conjugate a plane located near a plane of rotation of the scanning module and the plane (17) of the entrance pupil of the eye (10). The “small field” path comprises a wavefront correction device (250), a second optical system (257, 256, 253) configured to conjugate a plane located near a plane of rotation of the at least one first scanning module and the effective surface of the wavefront correction device, a third optical system, comprising at least part of the first optical system, configured to conjugate said effective surface (251) of the correction device and the plane of the entrance pupil of the eye. The multi-scale scanning imaging system further comprises a first optical deflection element (241) configured to send the beam reemitted by the retina on one and/or the other of the first and second imaging paths and intended to be positioned on the first imaging path, between the common part (201, 205) of the first and third optical systems and the scanning module (210), and on the second imaging path, between the common part of the first and third optical systems and the wavefront correction device.
