Provided is a gene vaccine composition for preventing and treating severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), including, as an active ingredient, at least one expression vector including a first polynucleotide encoding a glycoproteinN (Gn) derived from SFTS virus, a second polynucleotide encoding a glycoprotein C (Gc), a third polynucleotide encoding a nucleocapsid protein (NP) derived from the SFTS virus, and a fourth polynucleotide encoding a nonstructural protein (NS) derived from the SFTS virus.
