A process for treating milk, milk-based products or milk-based infant formula to obtain a milk comprising at least one of the steps of: a) treating milk to reduce the content or activity of alpha-lactalbumin or; b) treating casein to reduce the ability of casein to induce IGF-1 in a human being upon consumption and treating whey proteins to reduce the ability of whey proteins to induce insulin in a human being upon consumption; c) treating milk to reduce the ability of milk to induce growth hormone in a human being upon consumption; d) treating milk to reduce the content or activity of prolactin; e) treating milk to reduce the content or activity of betacellulin; f) treating milk to reduce the content or activity of ghrelin, preferably wherein an insulinemic index of the milk is modified to be in the range of 40 to 80. The milk products are less insulinotropic, less mitogenic in comparison to untreated milk and milk products
