A process for the use of peracid compositions to replace antibiotic compounds and still eliminate and/or control the growth of undesirable bacteria, including contaminating bacteria, in the fermentation production of alcohol is disclosed. Beneficially, the peracid compositions and methods of use of the same can replace or act as a substitute for antibiotics, but do not interfere or inhibit the growth or replication of yeast and have low or no adverse environmental impact.