An inflation and deflation pressure regulation system (10) is applicable to an air mattress (14) with at least two air arrays (A, B), the inflation and deflation pressure regulation system (10) comprising an inflation and deflation device (11), a pressure detection unit (12) and a control unit (13). The inflation and deflation device (11) inflates or deflates the air mattress (14)； the pressure detection unit (12) continuously detects an instantaneous pressure value of the air mattress (14)； the control unit (13) determines whether the instantaneous pressure value detected by the pressure detection unit (12) when the air mattress (14) is in a weight-bearing state has reached a preset pressure value before a preset time has elapsed, and accordingly uses a first inflation and deflation strategy or a second inflation and deflation strategy to control the inflation and deflation device (11) to inflate or deflate the air mattress (14). An inflation and deflation pressure regulation method and an air mattress system (1) using the inflation and deflation pressure regulation system (10) are also provided.
