1. Claim 1: a general formula compound (1),R1 is an equation compound (2) or (3)；M is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5； n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5； P is 0 or 1； q is 0, 1 or 2； R is 0, 1 or 2； and es-ch-83222-o-c (o))；X is a link, - C (r739； - r739 '),-C (O) -- that is...-C (o) 8311 -,-No. 8311； (c) (o) - O-C (o) O -；where Rˣ is selected from halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkynyl and -OR⁷；Rˣ ’is selected from hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkenyl and substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkynyl； R⁷ is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkenyl and substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkynyl； R¹ ’is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl；R² is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl ； R³ and R³ ’are independently selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkenyl and substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkynyl； alternatively, R³ and R³ ’considered together with the connecting C atom can form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl；R⁴ and R⁴ ’are independently selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₆ alkynyl, -CHOR⁹ and -C (O) OR⁹；where R⁹ is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₉ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂₋₉ alkenyl and substituted or
