PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new use of a neuron specific calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) for treating CNS disturbances and also developing a medicine for the treatment. SOLUTION: This pharmaceutical composition contains a compound capable of modifying the neuron specific calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1). The use of it for the treatment of the CNS disturbances such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease and hyperkinesias, and for the improvement of object recognition are provided. Further, the use of the NCS-1 and a corresponding cell line assay method for the methods for identifying and obtaining medicinal candidates for the treatment of the disturbances or as a research and working tool for the improvement of the object recognition are provided.
