In a flat piezoelectric element (13) having input and output electrode pairs (11 and 12) on the two sides, a gap (48) is formed to arrange a superconductor (14). While an elastic surface wave generated by an input voltage applied to the input electrode pair (11) is being moved toward the output electrode pair (12), an alternating electric field accompanying the elastic surface wave is applied to the superconductor (14), and a surface resistivity of the superconductor is determined from the value of the ratio between an output voltage value detected by the output electrode pair (12) and an input voltage component value corresponding to the frequency of the elastic surface wave in the input voltage. In particular, a pulse voltage is used as the input voltage, and the output voltage value and the input voltage component value are determined from the individual fast Fourier transformation of the output voltage measured by the output electrode pair (12) and the input voltage. The frequency of the elastic surface wave is set within the range, in which the alternating electric field is reflected on the surface of the superconductor (14) so that the field does not enter the inside. Thus, the noncontact measurement of the superconductor surface resistivity can be performed highly precisely and easily at a low cost.
