PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water content control system for growth of plants, capable of controlling water content in the culture medium in conformity to an amount required for plants even in astrospace and uniformly diffusing water content in the culture medium in a short time. SOLUTION: This water content control system is constituted of a closed space 10, a culture medium 11 laid in the closed space, a water supply or discharge means 26 having a pipe 13 buried in the culture medium 11 and a water content sensor 21 for detecting water content in the culture medium.