The invention relates to a cosmetic, dermatological and/or pharmaceutical composition, in particular for topical use, in the form of a dispersion of a discontinuous internal phase in a continuous external phase, one of the phases being an aqueous phase and the other being an oily phase. This composition contains a polyacrylic polymer and a consistency factor, and it is free of surfactant and of preservative. A method for preparing this composition comprises mixing the aqueous phase and the oily phase so as to form a homogeneous dispersion, and sterilizing the dispersion thus formed by ultra-high temperature infusion sterilization.本發明係關於化妝品、皮膚學及/或醫藥組成物,尤其用於局部使用,其呈非連續內相於連續外相中之分散液形式,該等相中之一者為水相且另一相為油相。此組成物含有聚丙烯酸類聚合物及稠度因子,且其不含界面活性劑及防腐劑。用於製備此組成物之方法包含混合水相與油相以形成均勻分散液,及藉由超高溫灌注滅菌來對由此形成之分散液進行滅菌。