Use of bacteria, bacterial products, and other immunoregulatory entities in combination with anti-CTLA-4 and/or anti-PD-1 antibodies to treat solid tumor malignancies
The presently disclosed subject matter provides methods and kits for treating solid tumors in a subject by using a combination of anti-CTLA-4 and/or anti-PD-1 antibodies with at least one member of the group consisting of a bacterium, bacterial product, and an immunoregulatory entity. In particular embodiments, the bacteria are toxin-depleted, anaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridium novyi-NT.