1. Biodegradable water-insoluble hydrogel based on poly (ethylene glycol) containing fragments of the main chain, which are connected by hydrolytically destructible bonds, and fragments of the main chain contain reactive functional groups, where the water-insoluble hydrogel is additionally characterized in that the ratio of the time period required for complete decomposition of the hydrogel by hydrolysis of the decomposable bonds into water-soluble decomposition products containing one or more fragments of the main chain , and the period of time necessary for the release of the first 10 mol.% water-soluble decomposition products containing one or more main chain fragments, based on the total number of main chain fragments in the hydrogel, is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2.2. The hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the hydrolytically degradable bonds are selected from the group consisting of aconityls, acetals, carboxylic anhydrides, esters, imines, hydrazones, maleic acid semiamides, orthoesters, phosphamides, phosphoric acid esters, phosphosilyl ethers, silyl ethers esters of sulfonic acids, aromatic carbamates and combinations thereof. 3. The hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the reactive functional groups are selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid and its activated derivatives, an amino group, maleimide, thiol, sulfonic acid and its derivatives, carbonate and its derivatives, carbamate and its derivatives, hydroxyl, aldehyde, ketone, hydrazine, isocyanate, isothiocyanate, phosphoric acid and its derivatives, phosphonic acid and its derivatives, haloacetyl, alkylhalogen1. Биоразлагаемый нерастворимый в воде гидрогель на основе поли(этиленгликоля), содержащий фрагменты основной цепи, которые соединены гидролитически разрушаемыми связями, причем фрагменты основной цепи содержат реакционноспособные функциональные группы, где нерастворимый в воде гидрогель дополнительно характеризуется тем, что соотношение периода времени, необходимо
